Purpose or Case Report: There is a wide array of pathologies which can cause diffuse changes in the pediatric kidney. The purpose of the presentation is to show a multimodality pictorial review of characteristic findings of a wide variety of diffuse renal abnormalities in the pediatric patient.
Methods & Materials: A search for diffuse renal lesions was performed by reviewing studies stored on the picture archiving and communication system of an urban children’s hospital between 2006 and 2017. A literature search on current information related to the diagnoses was performed. The presented cases include: multicystic dysplastic kidney, renal vein thrombosis complicated by total parenteral nutrition infiltration, Wilm’s tumor with a large subcapsular collection, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, multilocular cystic nephroma, multiple renal cysts in the setting of tuberous sclerosis, multiple angiomyolipomas in the setting of tuberous sclerosis, and clear cell sarcoma.
Results: A broad range of pathologies diffusely affect the pediatric kidney, including benign and malignant etiologies. By observing characteristics as described in the pictorial review, an appropriate differential diagnosis may be made, enabling appropriate and efficient clinical management.
Conclusions: Diffuse renal abnormalities sometimes demonstrate characteristic features that may help narrow the differential diagnosis affecting clinical decision making. This presentation will help the radiologist recognize these characteristic features. At times, a definitive diagnosis cannot be given and tissue sampling is required to make this determination.