Purpose or Case Report: Over the last twenty years there has been a rapid expansion in the vast array of implantable cardiac devices utilized in pediatric patients. Imaging plays a key role in the management of patients with these devices. It is important for the pediatric radiologist to recognize the specific type of cardiac device visualized on radiographic images in order to make an accurate assessment of the appropriate position and any potential complications. With new cardiac devices entering the market it can be very perplexing and daunting for the radiologist to stay familiar with them all.

We will seek to review old and new pediatric cardiac devices currently used at our institution and their radiographic appearance.

These devices will be divided into categories of pacing devices, prosthetic heart valves, stents, closure devices, ventricular assist devices, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation systems (ECMO), and external monitoring devices.

Pacing devices: a) Epicardial and transvenous pacing systems b) Leadless pacemakers
Prosthetic heart valves: a) Surgically implanted valves b) Transcatheter valves
Cardiac stents
Closure devices: a) Patent ductus arteriosus closure device, b) Atrial septal defect closure device c) Vascular plugs and coils
Ventricular assist devices: a) Left ventricular assist device, b) Right ventricular assist device, c) Bi-ventricular assist device
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulas: a) Venous-arterial ECMO, b) Venous-venous ECMO
External monitoring devices: a) Holter monitor, b) Loop recorder
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