Purpose or Case Report: To investigate the radiological findings of central nervous system complications of leukemia (CNSCL）in children.
Methods & Materials: The CT and MR findings and clinical features of 49 pediatric patients with CNCSL were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: (1) Cerebrovascular abnormalities in 23 cases included hemorrhage(n=20), infarction(n=2) and sinus thrombosis(n=1). 1 case of epidural hematoma and 19 cases of intracerebral multiple bleeding were seen in the hemorrhage group, which demonstrated high-density on CT and different signal on MR as time went by. Microhemorrhage displayed as low signal on susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI). (2) Among 23 cases of leukemic infiltration, dura and/or skull were involved in 18 cases, which presented as fusiform or mass, with high density on CT, low signal on T1WI, intermediate signal on T2WI and strong enhancement. 6 leptomeningeal infiltration demonstrated as meningeal thickening and enhancement. 2 parenchymal involvement manifested with high-density mass. 2 oculomotor nerve and 1 optic nerve infiltration demonstrated thickening and enhancement .（3）White matter disease were seen in 2 cases，with hyper-intensity on T2WI.(4) one case of secondary tumor is glial tumor of brainstem.
Conclusions: The radiographic manifestations of CNCSL in children are various. CT and MR are of important diagnostic values. SWI is suggested as routine modality because of sensitivity of hemorrhage, which is of practical significance to clinical politics.