Purpose or Case Report: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy occurs in up to 1.5-2.5 per 1,000 live births in developed countries and can result in major neurologic deficits and mortality in the neonatal population. Currently, treatments are supportive and include moderate hypothermia which has demonstrated a significant reduction in disability and mortality in patients with moderate hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Despite improved mortality, morbidity in this patient population remains high with residual neurological deficits. This review will illustrate the patterns of brain injury as well as the imaging findings of neonatal hypoxic ischemic injury on ultrasound, CT, and MRI to assist with diagnosis and prognosis.
By completion of this exhibit, the learner will:
1. Review the anatomy of the neonatal brain on multiple modalities include ultrasound, CT, and MRI.
2. Be familiar with the patterns of brain injury in neonates.
3. Be able to identify the sonographic, CT, and MRI findings of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.
4. Understand the treatments and prognosis for neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy.
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