Purpose or Case Report: Ultrasonography is a very powerful non-invasive diagnostic tool widely employed for examining multiple organs and systems located both superficially and deeply. This is possible thanks to a wide range of transducers that work on different frequencies and sound lengths to explore all layers of anatomical structures. Nowadays, the reduction of exposure to ionizing radiation in children is advocated by the “as low as reasonably achievable” (ALARA) principle, and therefore, ultrasound (US) has become the main investigation tool in many assessments of lung pediatric disorders. The purpose of this educational exhibit is to describe the normal artefacts produced by LUS in a healthy lung to distinguish them from pathologic patterns and the application of LUS in pediatric diseases and procedures (ultrasound-Guided Lung Recruitment).
Methods & Materials: The first part of the presentation will be a review of normal artefacts produced by LUS in a healthy lung. Then, we present a spectrum of cases from two institutions in our country using ultrasound as the main method. The diseases described include Pleural Effusions; Pneumothorax; Pneumonia and complications; Atelectasis; Congenital Lung Malformations; Diaphragmatic Hernia; Neonatal Pathologies (meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS); bronchopulmonary dysplasia and a procedure: ultrasound-Guided Lung Recruitmen.
Results:
Conclusions: The knowledge about LUS usefulness is becoming wider, and it would represent a fundamental tool for the whole spectrum of lung pathologies to guide both diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. In particular, its application in the pediatric field is well studied to avoid unnecessary child exposure to ionizing radiation.