Purpose or Case Report: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) causing renovascular hypertension is a common cause of secondary pediatric hypertension, accounting for approximately 5-25% of cases. RAS may be caused by underlying vascular or genetic conditions such as fibromuscular hyperplasia, Takayasu arteritis, Williams syndrome or neurofibromatosis type 1. RAS often manifests as isolated hypertension and radiological diagnosis can be challenging due to the small calibre of the involved vessels, potentially down to the intrarenal interlobar arteries. Angioplasty is a safe and efficacious intervention for patients with refractory hypertension or significant adverse effects to medical treatment. The purpose of this educational exhibit is to review the advantages and disadvantages of various imaging modalities (ultrasound, CT, MRI and angiography) in the assessment of RAS. Imaging findings in RAS will be illustrated through case examples of various underlying etiologies.
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