Mullerian duct anomalies are a spectrum of malformations resulting from complications of mullerian duct development in utero. They are common, seen in up to 5% of the female population, and whilst many are mild and asymptomatic, more severe deformities can result in miscarriage or infertility. They have a common association with mesonephric duct abnormalities, often resulting in concomitant renal agenesis. Some of these complete constellations have been grouped into defined syndromes such as OHVIRA (Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich), and Meyer-Rockitansky-Kunster-Hauser. This means upon discovery of mullerian abnormalities, further investigations are often required to exclude these associations. We present a case of a child who presented at birth with a unilateral cystic right flank mass identified antenatally. Post-natal US visualised a cystic mass with no viable renal tissue seen, and MCKD was suspected. This was seemingly confirmed when a DMSA scan demonstrated no functional renal tissue on the side of the mass. Follow up US imaging showed apparent involution of the mass, again consistent with MCKD, and the patient was then asymptomatic until the age of 15. The patient then represented with abdominal pain and was referred for an US. This discovered a large multiloculated cystic mass in the right flank, the same side as the one seen at birth. MRI imaging was then performed which confirmed a large multiloculated cystic mass, but with a rim of enhancing tissue suggestive of ovarian stroma. Incidentally, no renal tissue was seen on the right, and a contralateral unicornuate uterus with a single normal ovary on the left was seen. The lesion was surgically excised, and histology confirmed an ovarian cystadenoma. Previous imaging was retrospectively reviewed, and the initial cystic mass surmised to have represented an ectopic ovary with multiple follicles rather than an MCDK. The DSMA findings were explained by an ipsilateral renal agenesis in the context of mullerian duct abnormalities. Unicornate uterus with contralateral ectopic ovary and renal agenesis has been reported in the literature but not formally categorised. This case demonstrates the pitfalls of multiple abnormalities in the context of mullerian duct pathology, and how renal agenesis with ipsilateral ectopic ovary can demonstrate near identical appearances to MCDK and poses a significant diagnostic challenge. Read More

Meeting name: IPR 2026 Congress , 2026

Authors: Durnford Luke, Kolanjian Harout, Jenkins Richard

Keywords: Mullerian Duct Anomalies, MCDK, Renal Agenesis

This case series will present a pictorial review of common and rare differentials for cystic lung pathology in the paediatric population, with cases taken from our tertiary paediatric institution. Cystic lung lesions in children can present a diagnostic challenge due to a wide variety of potential aetiologies. Our review includes rarer pathologies such as our highlighted case of kerosene ingestion, where clinical history was crucial in establishing a diagnosis, and an atypical bilateral pleuropulmonary blastoma giving the appearance of a more diffuse process. These are presented alongside more commonly seen pathologies such as congenital pulmonary airway malformations, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, ChILD, and post infective sequelae. We present the clinical and radiological findings of these pathologies, with some histopathological correlation, highlighting the typical radiographic features of both these key differentials for cystic lung lesions, as well as rare differentials to consider in difficult cases. Multiple imaging modalities, including computed tomography and plain radiography, as well as multi-disciplinary discussion played a crucial role in establishing accurate diagnoses. Understanding the clinical presentation in children with cystic lung pathology is crucial in correct diagnosis, and rare differentials must be considered in correlation with clinical history when evaluating cystic lung lesions. In the paediatric population, accurate and timely diagnosis is essential for starting appropriate management, excluding potentially malignant pathologies, and improving outcomes. Read More

Meeting name: IPR 2026 Congress , 2026

Authors: Durnford Luke, Kolanjian Harout, Jenkins Richard

Keywords: Cystic, Lung, Cystic Mass