The differential diagnoses of pediatric abdominal and pelvic tumors arising in solid organs are generally well known, but the pathologic features of tumors originating outside these organs—from the peritoneum, omentum, mesentery and adnexa—is much less familiar. Also, the histopathological sampling of these masses can be challenging - given the propensity of intervening bowel, risk of tumor seeding. Primary tumors of the peritoneum in children are usually mesenchymal in origin. Knowledge of the tumors that arise in these unusual locations is important in directing appropriate clinical management. Localized masses may be caused by inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, Castleman disease, mesenteric fibromatosis, or other mesenchymal masses. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a mesenchymal tumor of borderline biologic potential that appears as a solitary circumscribed mass. Mesenteric fibromatosis, or intra-abdominal desmoid tumor, is a benign tumor of mesenchymal origin associated with familial adenomatous polyposis. Diffuse peritoneal disease may be due to desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT), non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or rhabdomyosarcoma. Burkitt lymphoma manifests with extensive disease because of its short doubling time. Rhabdomyosarcoma may arise as a primary tumor of the omentum or may spread from a primary tumour in the bladder, prostate, or scrotum. Knowledge of this spectrum of disease allows the radiologist to provide an appropriate differential diagnosis and direct appropriate patient management. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2024 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2024

Authors: Jain Nikshita, E Vairamathi, John Reetu

Keywords: Mass, Peritoneum, Adnexa