As an inexpensive modality that does not require ionizing radiation, ultrasound is the preferred method for screening for fetal anomalies. When an abnormality is detected on ultrasound, the limitations of the modality often elicit further evaluation with MRI, as MRI can provide more detail and information to the radiologist and clinician. Chest and cardiac pathologies are among the most common findings on prenatal ultrasound and often warrant additional imaging. Consequently, an understanding of these findings and how they appear on different modalities is essential to the pediatric imager. This electronic exhibit features fetal ultrasound and MRI of mediastinal lymphangioma, type I-III congenital pulmonary airway malformations, intralobar, extralobar, and subdiaphragmatic sequestrations, left and right sided congenital diaphragmatic hernias, hypoplastic left heart, heterotaxy, AV canal defect, and rhabdomyoma. In addition to reviewing the correlation of findings on ultrasound and MRI, prognosis as well as conditions and syndromes commonly associated with these chest and cardiac anomalies will be examined. The goal of this exhibit is to provide an overview of common fetal cardiopulmonary abnormalities on different, complementary imaging modalities. Familiarity with these conditions is necessary for the radiologist to provide critical information to clinicians to allow prompt intervention in the postnatal period. These findings can additionally serve as an indication to the radiologist to search for associated findings, allowing prognostication and appropriate counseling of parents. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2018 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2018

Authors: Farkas Amy, Roda Manohar

Keywords: Cardiopulmonary, Fetal MRI

Genitourinary abnormalities are frequently detected on prenatal ultrasound, with findings detected on 1 in 500 routine prenatal sonograms. Early detection of abnormalities of the genitourinary system is essential as it allows planning for further work-up and intervention and appropriate counseling of parents. Findings on prenatal ultrasound often trigger further evaluation with fetal MRI, as MRI can provide superior anatomic detail and better assess for associated findings. An understanding of the appearance of genitourinary abnormalities on fetal MRI is important to enable accurate diagnoses and effectively guide clinicians in patient management. This educational poster highlights fetal MRI cases that demonstrate genitourinary abnormalities including bilateral renal agenesis with Potter sequence, crossed fused renal ectopia, multicystic dysplastic kidney, duplex collecting system, posterior urethral valves, patent urachus, allantoic cyst, prune belly syndrome, congenital megaureter, cloaca, bladder exstrophy, ureteropelvic junction obstruction, horseshoe kidney, and sirenomelia. The goal of this exhibit is to provide familiarity with these findings and their clinical implications, which is particularly important for those with less fetal MRI experience. In addition, the exhibit will provide an overview of the embryology of the genitourinary system as it relates to the abnormalities to provide further context of the pathophysiology of these complex congenital conditions. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2018 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2018

Authors: Farkas Amy, Roda Manohar

Keywords: Genitourinary, Fetal MRI