Purpose or Case Report: To review the radiological findings of different orthopaedic implants and techniques used to treat Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) and Early Onset Scoliosis (EOS).
To present the imaging findings of their most frequent post-operative complications.
Methods & Materials: We retrospectively reviewed and selected the most didactic post surgical spinal imaging of patients treated at our institution for AIS and EOS to document and to present the historical steps of AIS and EOS surgical treatments.
Results: Post-operative imaging after Harrington rods, Luque rods, Luque-Galveston implants and segmental pedicle screw for AIS will be presented along with the related post-operative complications as pseudoarthrosis, implant failure, spinal infection and altered biomechanics.

Regarding EOS, the guiding principles used for AIS could not apply to a growing spine as they would impede on lung development. So, other devices have been developed to correct the curve and to allow spinal growth. These include VEPTR (requiring repetitive surgeries) and MAGEC (with a magnetic locking/unlocking system). Other more recent ones are SHILLA and thoracoscopic anterior spinal tether which allow guided growth of the spine without repetitive interventions.
Conclusions: Knowledge of the different procedures and implants used in the treatment of AIS and EOS, the rationale behind the different techniques and their expected post-operative complications allows the radiologist to easily assess post-operative radiological findings, provide insightful follow up, and ensure better communication with the orthopaedic surgeons.