Purpose or Case Report: To see the profile of various Pediatric Abdominal Mass Lesions on MDCT and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MDCT in detection and characterization of various Pediatric Abdominal Mass Lesions.
Methods & Materials: 60 Children up to the age of 14 years with Abdominal Mass Lesions suspected / diagnosed clinically and / or on Ultrasonography were subjected to Contrast enhanced MDCT. Various findings seen in MDCT were recorded and compared with the final diagnosis made on surgery / biopsy / FNAC / aspiration or therapeutic follow up. Abdominopelvic MDCT was performed with a MDCT scanner. The volume of administered I/V contrast medium (350 mgI / ml) was approximately 2 ml / kg of body weight, up to a maximum volume of 80 ml.
Results: Six children had Wilms’ tumor and 4 had Pelvi-ureteric Junction (PUJ) Obstruction. Three children each had Adrenal Neuroblastoma, Mesenchymal Hamartoma, Hydatid Cyst and Sacrococcygeal Teratoma. Two children each had Adrenal Pheochromocytoma, Liver Abscess, Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH), Hepatoblastoma, Pseudo-pancreatic Cyst, Retroperitoneal Lymphoma, Mesenteric Dermoid Cyst, Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumour and Ewing Sarcoma arising from pelvic bone. One child each had Renal Cell Carcinoma in horse shoe kidney, Renal Angiomyolipoma, Renal Lymphangiectasia, Mesoblastic Nephroma, Adrenal Myelolipoma, HCC, Undifferentiated Embryonal Cell Sarcoma of liver, Infantile Hemangioendothelioma, Giant Liver Haemangioma, Hepatic Visceral Larva Migrans, Congenital Spleenic Cyst, Retroperitoneal Lymphangioma, GIST of descending colon, Mesenteric Lymphoma, Mesenteric Lymphangioma, Mesenteric Cyst, Duplication Cyst, Intussusception, Ovarian Dermoid Cyst and Serous Cyst Adenoma of Ovary. CT findings suggested the correct pathological diagnosis in 59 (98.33%) cases.
Conclusions: The critical clinical questions to the Radiologist in the setting of Pediatric abdominal masses, like site of origin, benign versus malignant features and presence of infection or abscess were addressed by MDCT. Pairing clinical presentation and imaging findings directed appropriate management, whether it is reassurance, follow-up imaging or surgery.