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Society for Pediatric Radiology – Poster Archive
Final ID: Poster #: EDU-019
Review of Congenital Renal Anomalies: A Case of Crossed Fused Renal Ectopia
Purpose or Case Report: Learning Objectives:
Review normal kidney development and embryology
Understand spectrum of renal fusion abnormalities, associated genitourinary abnormalities, and their clinical manifestations
Recognize imaging findings and important associations
Kidney Development and Abnormalities:
The metanephric blastema becomes the functioning kidney and the ureteric bud develops into the ureters and upper collecting system. Typical kidney development begins at 4 weeks gestation. Over 4-7 weeks gestations, the developing kidneys rise from the sacrum to the abdomen moving apart from each other and rotating medially with final positioning at week 9.
Renal positioning defects include malrotation which is abnormal rotation of the kidney along its long axis. The hilum often faces anteriorly, as the kidney fails to medially rotate during ascent.
Ectopic kidneys are position defects where the kidneys are not located in the renal fossa. Renal ectopia can be simple, wherein the kidney remains ipsilateral, or crossed, wherein the kidney is located contralateral to the distal ureter insertion. Pelvic kidney is the most common simple ectopia. Ectopic kidneys may coexist with fusion defects. Associated symptoms include vesicoureteral reflux, increased urinary tract infections, and renal calculi formation.
The horseshoe kidney is the most common congenital partial renal fusion abnormality (1/400 live births with male predilection).
Case Report:
Our case report had a prenatal diagnosis of absent left kidney and postnatal diagnosis of imperforate anus. Ultrasound revealed left to right crossed fused renal ectopia. Voiding cystourethrogram demonstrated additional abnormalities in the genitourinary tract, including a fistulous connection between the bladder and uterine segment/vagina and bifid appearance of the uterus with bilateral grade II vesicoureteral reflux. MRI redemonstrated left-to-right crossed fused renal ectopia and vesicovaginal/rectovaginal fistulas.
Conclusion
Cross fused renal ectopia is part of a spectrum of congenital genitourinary abnormalities and are common in prenatal assessment.
Methods & Materials:
Results:
Conclusions:
Review normal kidney development and embryology
Understand spectrum of renal fusion abnormalities, associated genitourinary abnormalities, and their clinical manifestations
Recognize imaging findings and important associations
Kidney Development and Abnormalities:
The metanephric blastema becomes the functioning kidney and the ureteric bud develops into the ureters and upper collecting system. Typical kidney development begins at 4 weeks gestation. Over 4-7 weeks gestations, the developing kidneys rise from the sacrum to the abdomen moving apart from each other and rotating medially with final positioning at week 9.
Renal positioning defects include malrotation which is abnormal rotation of the kidney along its long axis. The hilum often faces anteriorly, as the kidney fails to medially rotate during ascent.
Ectopic kidneys are position defects where the kidneys are not located in the renal fossa. Renal ectopia can be simple, wherein the kidney remains ipsilateral, or crossed, wherein the kidney is located contralateral to the distal ureter insertion. Pelvic kidney is the most common simple ectopia. Ectopic kidneys may coexist with fusion defects. Associated symptoms include vesicoureteral reflux, increased urinary tract infections, and renal calculi formation.
The horseshoe kidney is the most common congenital partial renal fusion abnormality (1/400 live births with male predilection).
Case Report:
Our case report had a prenatal diagnosis of absent left kidney and postnatal diagnosis of imperforate anus. Ultrasound revealed left to right crossed fused renal ectopia. Voiding cystourethrogram demonstrated additional abnormalities in the genitourinary tract, including a fistulous connection between the bladder and uterine segment/vagina and bifid appearance of the uterus with bilateral grade II vesicoureteral reflux. MRI redemonstrated left-to-right crossed fused renal ectopia and vesicovaginal/rectovaginal fistulas.
Conclusion
Cross fused renal ectopia is part of a spectrum of congenital genitourinary abnormalities and are common in prenatal assessment.
Methods & Materials:
Results:
Conclusions:
More abstracts on this topic:
Persistence of the Falcine Sinus: Embryology, Variants, and Associated Anomalies on Imaging
Meldrum Jaren, Wood Jonathan, Rooks Veronica
Pediatric Renal Tumors and Associated Clinical SyndromesEvans Catherine, Ardestani Allen, Watterson Christopher, Patel Snehalkumar
Poster____EDU-019.pdf
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