Showing 5 Abstracts.
Abdominal aortic pathology is uncommon in the pediatric population. It is a complex clinical condition that can range from aneurysms to stenosis and can present in the emergency department as a life-threatening condition or as an incidental finding in elective studies. As radiologists, knowing the underlying conditions of abdominal aortic pathology can help clinicians narrow the differential diagnosis and provide early and focused treatment, as most of these cases represent a therapeutic dilemma. The purpose of this educational exhibit is to overview the embryology and normal anatomy of the abdominal aorta and to provide a comprehensive review, through cases, of the different causes of abdominal aortic aneurysms and middle aortic syndrome. Read More
Meeting name: SPR 2023 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2023
Authors: Acosta-izquierdo Laura
Caudal Regression Syndrome (CRS) is a rare and severe form of abnormal sacral development, with an estimated frequency in the general population ranging from 0.005% to 0.01%. It exhibits a slightly higher incidence among children born to diabetic mothers. The majority of CRS cases are sporadic, and the clinical presentation varies depending on the extent of the abnormalities. CRS has been associated with other anomalies, including Currarino syndrome, VACTERL (vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal anomalies, limb abnormalities) association, caudal duplication syndrome, and more. As radiologists, understanding the key features of Caudal Regression Syndrome and its associated syndromes is essential. This knowledge can aid clinicians in defining the extent of the disease and facilitating early and targeted treatment. The primary goal of this educational exhibit is to provide a comprehensive review of CRS and its associated syndromes. Using clinical cases and various imaging modalities, we aim to enhance your understanding of these conditions. Read More
Meeting name: SPR 2024 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2024
Authors: Mejia Leon Andres, Pérez Hidalgo Juan, Roa Benavides Jose, Acosta Izquierdo Laura
Keywords: Caudal regression syndrome, Currarino syndrome, Caudal duplication syndrome
Extremely low gestational age (ELGA) infants are those born before 23 + 6 weeks of gestation. These infants are prone to multiple complications. Frequent complications affect the brain. Transfontanellar brain ultrasound (US) is the standard of care imaging modality to assess the brain during the first weeks of life. An appropriate ultrasound technique includes assessment of the brain in gray scale, color and spectral Doppler. Doppler US should be interpreted in correlation with the neonate’s clinical and systemic hemodynamic state, postnatal age, blood gas concentrations, respiratory or cardiovascular complications, amongst others. Prior literature focuses on the sonographic characteristics of premature, near term and term infants. However, Doppler US characterization of the intracranial vessels of ELGA infants is lacking. The purpose of this exhibit is to describe the resistive index (RI) and peak systolic velocities (PSV) of the anterior cerebral artery and the PSV of the superior sagittal sinus of a cohort of ELGA infants, and to assess their correlation with complications encountered in these infants. Read More
Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020
Authors: Acosta-izquierdo Laura, Dien-esquivel Maria, Miller Elka, Ferretti Emanuela, Martinez-rios Claudia
Keywords: Brain Doppler, Resistive index, Prematurity
Extremely low gestational age (ELGA) infants are those born before 23 + 6 weeks of gestation. Continued advances on therapy and supportive care in the neonatal intensive units have allowed for an improved survival of these infants. Transfontanellar brain ultrasound (US) is the standard of care imaging modality to assess the integrity of the brain during the first weeks of postnatal life, as it provides a closer direct look to the brain. The purpose of this exhibit is to illustrate detailed US characteristics of the normal development and complications of the evolving premature brain of ELGA infants. Read More
Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020
Authors: Acosta-izquierdo Laura, Dien-esquivel Maria, Miller Elka, Ferretti Emanuela, Martinez-rios Claudia
Keywords: Brain anatomy, Prematurity, Neurodevelopment
Pulmonary sequestration is a rare - but well-characterized - congenital malformation of the foregut, the hallmark of the diagnosis consists in the detection of an anomalous systemic arterial supply to a segment of the lung that is isolated from the tracheobronchial tree and therefore nonfunctional, with a pulmonary and/or systemic venous drainage. Depending on the relationship of the abnormal parenchyma with the pleura, it can be classified as intralobar or extralobar. Nevertheless, the spectrum of congenital lung malformations includes lesions that are predominantly parenchymal, predominantly vascular or hybrid, with variable foregut or airway components intertwined. The exact physiopathological mechanisms for each one of these malformations are yet to be fully understood. We present a 15-month-old girl with a history of dilated cardiomyopathy. Mild-to-moderate left ventricular (LV) enlargement and a small persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) were seen on the echocardiogram. The size of the PDA did not explain the LV dilation. An angiography was done to assess the coronary arteries, which were normal. However, it showed an aberrant vessel from the descending aorta to the left lower lobe and severe pulmonary hypertension in the supplied lung, reactive to oxygen. A CT was performed to assess the airway, ruling out the possibility of a pulmonary sequestration and confirming the diagnosis of an isolated major aortopulmonary collateral artery (MAPCA). No evidence of structural heart disease was seen. Unifocalization and ductal ligation were planned. MAPCA in the absence of an associated congenital heart disease is a rare entity, most seen in preterm babies. The isolated MAPCA tends to regress spontaneously in most cases. However, in a smaller group of patients, it can persist and lead to recurrent respiratory tract infection, pulmonary hypertension, and lastly heart failure due to left-to-right shunt. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is an excellent method for correct identification and treatment guidance. The purpose of this presentation is to describe an unusual case of our practice, in which the imaging finding of an aberrant arterial supply to the lung is not always related to a pulmonary sequestration, and therefore to draw attention to the fact that in the spectrum of congenital lung anomalies that are predominantly vascular, isolated MAPCA can be found as the only alteration. Read More
Meeting name: SPR 2024 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2024
Authors: Quintero Pulgarín Daniel, Rozo Juan, García Torres Alberto, Forero Melo Julian, Acosta Izquierdo Laura
Keywords: MAPCA, Congenital malformation, Pulmonary Sequestration