The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are multifaceted disorders as a consequence of complex interplay between genetic, environmental and immunological factors, leading to a dysregulated immune response of the host intestinal bacteria. In children both the mucosal immune system and the intestinal microflora are still developing. Taken together, it seems that patients with early onset IBD (EO-IBD) are a unique subset within IBD with particular gene defects, phenotypic appearance, drug responsiveness and immune pathology. Imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis and follow-up of EO-IBD, with MRI enterography being the gold standard in modern IBD practice, largely because of its ability to provide excellent spatial resolution without ionising radiation. EO-IBD can also be elegantly demonstrated on ultrasound and can be used a complimentary imaging tool in both the diagnostic workup and follow up imaging. The aims of this educational exhibit are to: (i) Provide a pictorial review of the key imaging finding of EO-IBD as demonstrated on MRI and ultrasound. (ii) Review the imaging techniques and protocols for MR enterography as applied to EO-IBD. (iii) Discuss the role of genetic mutations and innate immune defects in the pathophysiology of EO-IBD. Read More

Meeting name: IPR 2016 Conjoint Meeting & Exhibition , 2016

Authors: Adu John, Watson Tom

Keywords: Inflammatory bowel disease, diarrhoea, interleukin-10, crohns disease, ulcerative colitis

In a child the abdominal organs are more at risk from blunt injury, the reasons for this include the fact that the organs are relatively more anterior and inferior and lie inferior to the ribs rather than behind them as in an adult. Additionally, paediatric ribs are cartilaginous and so although rib fractures are less likely, compressive injuries secondary to the relative elasticity of the rib cage are far more common. The computed tomography (CT) features of abdominal visceral injury include lacerations, subcapsular or parenchymal haematomas, active haemorrhage, and vascular injuries, all of which the radiologists must be familiar with. Although there is an increasing trend toward non-operative management of abdominal solid organ injury, radiologists must also be aware of the key imaging features that suggest the need for surgical or interventional radiology input. Based on our experience as one of the largest Level 1 trauma centres in Europe, the aims of this educational exhibit are to: (i) Provide a pictorial review the spectrum of findings in blunt injury to the liver, kidneys and spleen as demonstrated on CT. (ii) Discuss the role of Interventional Radiology in cases of associated vascular injury. Read More

Meeting name: IPR 2016 Conjoint Meeting & Exhibition , 2016

Authors: Adu John, Mcdonald Kirsteen

Keywords: trauma, liver, kidney, spleen, laceration