The purpose of this educational presentation is to provide a pictorial review to promote recognition and understanding of the embryology, anatomy and spectrum of interruption of the aortic arch (IAA) in children. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2018 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2018

Authors: Rebolledo Signe, Greenberg S Bruce, Lyons Karen

Keywords: Cardiac, Vascular, Congenital

Our aim is to determine the normal elastography liver stiffness values in children and if sampling depth is a factor. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Rowell Amy, Greenberg S Bruce, Gauss C. Heath

Keywords: elastography, liver, children

Limited experience with 3D print technology has been reported for surgical planning in infants with congenital heart disease. We present 5 infants with complex intracardiac anatomy for whom 3D cardiac models from gated cardiac CT angiograms facilitated surgical planning. <b>Case 1:</b> Term 2-day-old infant with d-transposition of the great arteries (TGA), large anterior malalignment ventricular septal defect (VSD), and severe aortic arch hypoplasia. The 3D cardiac model confirmed feasibility of biventricular repair using a Yasui-type operation, with Norwood arch reconstruction, Rastelli VSD closure, and right ventricle to pulmonary artery (RV-PA) conduit placement. <b>Case 2:</b> 2-month old, ex-34-week premature infant with double-outlet right ventricle (DORV), side-by-side great arteries, large remote predominantly-subaortic VSD, and pulmonary stenosis (PS). The 3D cardiac model highlighted the remoteness of the VSD from the outflow tracts, prompting right ventricular outflow tract patch augmentation without VSD closure when the patient developed hypercyanotic spells. <b>Case 3:</b> Term 7-day-old infant with Goldenhar syndrome, D-TGA, large posterior malalignment VSD with inlet extension, and PS. The first 3D cardiac model raised concern that VSD closure would be difficult as a newborn due to VSD size, prompting placement of a BT shunt and pulmonary artery band. The second 3D model at 11 months of age demonstrated feasibility of biventricular repair with Rastelli VSD closure and RV-PA conduit placement. <b>Case 4: </b>Term 2-day-old infant with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, type B interruption of a right aortic arch, aberrant left subclavian artery, posterior malalignment VSD, small bicuspid aortic valve, and superior-inferior branch pulmonary artery relationships. The 3D cardiac model demonstrated need for VSD enlargement to enable complete repair with Yasui operation with LeCompte maneuver. <b>Case 5: </b>Term 3-week-old infant with mesocardia, ventricular inversion, DORV, L-malposed great arteries, subpulmonic VSD, multilevel PS, and mitral chordal attachments to the crest of the ventricular septum. The 3D cardiac model suggested that VSD enlargement might enable a double switch operation with Rastelli VSD baffle. However, during the operation at 20 months old, mitral chordal apparatus prevented VSD enlargement, necessitating bidirectional Glenn instead. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Schoeneberg Laura, Bornemeier Renee, Reemtsen Brian, Greiten Lawrence, Greenberg S Bruce, Lyons Karen, Renno Markus

Keywords: 3D model, Congenital heart disease, Surgical Planning