Congenital tumors represent only 1.5–2% of all pediatric tumors, with a prevalence of 1:12,500 to 1:27,500 live births. Tumors are considered congenital when detected during pregnancy or in the first 3 months of life (1). Nowadays, with more accessible prenatal care and fetal imaging, these tumors can be detected very early during fetal period. Some lesions are benign, while others carry high risk of morbidity and mortality postnatally. As a radiologist, it is important to be familiar with these tumors by recognizing their imaging features, imaging modality work up and differential diagnosis. Doing so, we contribute to a proper imaging evaluation, early diagnosis and management. The objectives of this educational exhibit are: -To describe the imaging features of some congenital tumors on different image modalities. -To recognize and emphasize the key radiologic findings of each tumor and their differential diagnoses. -To briefly review the literature, including etiology, epidemiology, cytopathology characteristics, diagnosis and treatment. Pictorial cases from our Radiology Department will be used to describe the imaging features of the following entities: 1) Head/Neck: ● Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) ● Cervical teratoma ● Hemangioma 2) Chest: ● Neuroblastoma ● Cardiac rhabdomyoma 3) Abdomen- Pelvis: ● Hepatic hemangioendothelioma ● Hepatic hemangioma ● Neuroblastoma ● Mesoblastic nephroma ● Sacrococcygeal teratoma 4) Soft tissues: ● Infantile fibrosarcoma 5) Systemic: ● Leukemia Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022

Authors: Siu Navarro Youck Jen, Poletto Erica, Malik Archana, Koenigsberg Robert

Keywords: congenital tumor, neonatal tumors

Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPOA) is a syndrome characterized by excessive proliferation of skin and bone in the distal extremities. The classic imaging finding is symmetric, smooth periosteal reaction of the bones of the forearm or lower leg. The pathogenesis of this new bone formation is not well understood. Proposed mechanisms include growth factor release mediated by the tumor itself or the shunting of megakaryocytes through the pulmonary vasculature. These growth factors may contribute to vascular proliferation and bone formation. HPOA can be idiopathic but is more commonly secondary in patients with a variety of pulmonary disorders, congenital heart disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. HPOA is more commonly seen in adults than children. We present a case of HPOA in a patient with pleuropulmonary blastoma, a rare pediatric intrathoracic tumor. A 3 year-old girl was diagnosed with pleuropulmonary blastoma after presenting to the emergency department with a twelve-day history of fever and leg pain. As part of a fever of unknown origin workup, chest radiographs were performed, which showed a large left lower lobe mass. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography characterized the mass as mixed cystic and solid. As part of the preoperative evaluation for osseous metastatic disease, a technetium-99m bone scan was performed, which revealed bilateral, symmetric radiotracer uptake within the ulnar and fibular shafts, and the distal humeri. Subsequent radiographs of these bones demonstrated bilateral, symmetric smooth periosteal reaction. Following surgical resection of the pleuropulmonary blastoma and completion of chemotherapy, a bone scan was repeated which showed resolution of the previously seen scintigraphic findings. To date, HPOA has never been reported in a patient with pleuropulmonary blastoma. This case report highlights that HPOA, commonly thought of as an entity of adult lung disease, can also present in children. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Poletto Erica, Fox Evan, Malik Archana, Geller Evan

Keywords: Hypertrophic Pulmonary Osteoarthropathy, Pleuropulmonary Blastoma

<b>A neck mass is a frequent chief complaint in the pediatric population and includes a wide variety of etiologies. The age of the child, symptoms and physical exam findings may narrow the differential diagnoses. The radiologist can aid in diagnosis and management by guiding the selection of the appropriate imaging modality. It is important for the radiologist to recognize the features of common and rarer neck masses in children. This pictorial review will describe the multimodal imaging features of a variety of pediatric neck masses in four categories: </b> <b>1. Congenital/developmental </b> <b>Thyroglossal duct cyst</b> <b>Branchial cyst Dermoid cyst</b> <b>Epidermoid cyst</b> <b>Venolymphatic malformation</b> <b>Cervical extension of thymus</b> <b>2. Infection/inflammatory </b> <b>Lymphadenitis</b> <b>Retropharyngeal/peritonsillar abscess</b> <b>3. Neoplastic </b> <b>Hemangioma</b> <b>Neurofibroma</b> <b>Neuroblastoma/ganglioneuroblastoma</b> <b>Rhabdomyosarcoma</b> <b>Lymphoma</b> <b>Thyroid carcinoma</b> <b>Teratoma</b> <b>4. Miscellaneous</b> <b>Ranula</b> <b>Fibromatosis colli</b> Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Siu Navarro Youck Jen, Poletto Erica, Malik Archana, Mallon Mea

Keywords: Neck Masses

<b>The spleen is rarely the first organ to come to mind in discussing pathology of the abdomen, and indeed may often be the last. However, there are a multitude of splenic processes and abnormalities that should be kept in mind when discussing the pediatric abdomen. Additionally, splenic abnormalities, or lack thereof, can also be clues to diagnosis in more difficult cases. </b> Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2019 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2019

Authors: Misiura Anne, Urbine Jacqueline, Poletto Erica, Malik Archana, Mallon Mea

Keywords: Spleen, gastrointestinal, abdomen