Showing 2 Abstracts.
Atretic cephalocele is a rare disruption of neural tube closure. The reported incidence ranges from 1 in 3500 to 1 in 5000 live births. Is a small subscalp lesion that consist of dura, fibrous tissue, and dysplastic brain tissue. Its most common presentation it is a palpable midline parietal soft tissue mass, occasionally occipital, with a wide range of clinical presentations, the patient may have normal neurological development or have severe mental retardations, since it could be associated with multiple intracranial malformations including a fenestrated superior sagittal sinus (the most common), persistent falcine sinus, vertical embryonic positioning of the straight sinus, holoprosencephaly, hydrocephalus, eye anomalies, agenesis of the corpus callosum, among others, therefore is important to know about this condition as well as to identify its radiological characteristics using different diagnostic imaging methods to make a certain diagnostic. Transfontanellar brain ultrasound could be used as the first imaging method as it enables a non-invasive method, in addition the patients are not exposed to ionizing radiation, being the most consistent finding a subcutaneous, hypoechoic mass, with a solid fibrous tract connecting the extracranial lesion, through a small bony cranium defect, to the intracranial space; additionally in order to evaluate a further extension of the fibrous tract or the presence of other anomalies, CT or MRI can be performed, considering to the MRI as a better study because it can be used in pediatric population since there is no exposure to radiation. Main differential diagnoses of atretic cephalocele are sinus pericranii and dermoid cyst, other possible causes include haemangioma, sebaceous cyst, inclusion cyst, lipoma, tumors (Langerhans cell histiocytosis, sarcomas, etc.), bone and soft tissue infections and traumatic lesions. This educational poster pretends to review the radiological findings of two cases of patients with atretic cephalocele moreover a literature review since the published works regarding is limited and few case series or case reports have been documented. Read More
Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022
Authors: Ortega García Diana, Rodríguez Garza Claudia, Canales Nañez Sofìa, Terán Helda Estrella, Montemayor Martínez Alberto
Keywords: ATRETIC CEPHALOCELE, CYST, SCALP MASS
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) and ischemic brain injury are rare in the fetus. The most common location of hemorrhage in the fetus is intraventricular and is related to prematurity. Intracranial hemorrhage in the fetus can be intra or extra-axial and its recognition is important because of its complications and poor outcome. The causes of fetal intracranial hemorrhage are idiopathic, maternal, and of the fetus; maternal causes vary, and the main is trauma. Domestic violence increases during pregnancy, placing the mother and the fetus at risk for injury. Features of central nervous system nonaccidental trauma in pediatric patients are well established, however, there are not too many examples in the literature of these imaging findings in the fetal stage. The purpose of this case is to demonstrate the features of intracranial hemorrhage and ischemic brain injury caused by nonaccidental trauma during pregnancy and the evolution after birth. The subject of this case report is a 36-week gestation product referred because of severe ventriculomegaly detected during an obstetric ultrasound; a fetal MRI was performed which showed an acute to subacute hemispheric bilateral subdural hematoma, infratentorial subdural hemorrhage, retroclival hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, ventriculomegaly, brain edema, and midline shift. The patient was born at 38 weeks through C-section with no respiratory effort and a 4 points APGAR score, he was intubated and spent 38 days in the NICU, during his stay a postnatal transfontanelar ultrasound and a brain MRI were performed and showed persistence of the supratentorial and infratentorial subdural hematomas bigger in size with an epidural component, retroclival hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, brain edema, midline shift, uncal herniation and hemispheric ischemic vascular event. The etiology of this extensive and atypical presentation hemorrhage was inquired including coagulation and genetic disorders, and the medical background of the parents which came out normal; after thorough interrogation, the mother revealed trauma related to domestic violence. In our case, we will show that the localization and features of nonaccidental trauma of the central nervous system in the fetal stage are similar to the pediatric stage. Read More
Meeting name: SPR 2023 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2023
Authors: Salinas Puente Estefany, Blanqueto Fuentes David, Rodríguez Garza Claudia, Dávila Escamilla Ivan, Montemayor Martínez Alberto