Purpose or Case Report: A number of acquired non-traumatic diseases of myriad aetiologies involve the temporal bone in children. While some of these are also noted in adults, many diseases are specific to the pediatric age group. These can be grouped into infectious/inflammatory, neoplastic, vascular and other miscellaneous disorders.

Anatomy of the temporal bone is complex. It forms the lateral aspect of skull base and comprises of five osseous parts viz. squamous, mastoid, petrous, tympanic and styloid segments. Specific disease processes afflict each part of the temporal bone, largely dictated by its anatomy and constituent structures. Hence a structured approach to image interpretation and reporting is especially useful in this region to localise the lesion and subsequently generate differential diagnoses.

Traditionally CT has been the imaging modality of choice in assessing temporal bone lesions. However, currently, CT and MRI are deemed complimentary. CT provides exquisite details of anatomy, characterises osseous lesions, determines bony involvement/destruction and extension while MRI is highly useful in assessing intrinsic lesion characteristics due to its superior contrast resolution. In certain aetiologies such as cholesteatoma MRI is diagnostic.

This poster aims to review the anatomy of temporal bone and various common, uncommon acquired non traumatic temporal bone lesions in children.

The lesions that will be discussed in this poster are listed below:
Infectious / Inflammatory:
1. Otitis externa
2. Otitis media
3. Coalescent mastoiditis with orbital involvement
4. Bell’s Palsy
5. Guillain-Barre’ syndrome with facial palsy
Neoplastic Lesions:
1. Vestibular schwannoma
2. Rhabdomyosarcoma
3. Ewing’s sarcoma
4. Langerhan’s cell histiocytosis
5. Osteoblastoma
6. Osteoma
7. Aggressive Myofibromatosis
Vascular:
1. Carotid vasculitis secondary to petrous abscess
Miscellaneous Lesions:
1. Cholesteatoma (congenital and acquired)
2. Cholesterol granuloma
Methods & Materials:
Results:
Conclusions: