A number of acquired non-traumatic diseases of myriad aetiologies involve the temporal bone in children. While some of these are also noted in adults, many diseases are specific to the pediatric age group. These can be grouped into infectious/inflammatory, neoplastic, vascular and other miscellaneous disorders. Anatomy of the temporal bone is complex. It forms the lateral aspect of skull base and comprises of five osseous parts viz. squamous, mastoid, petrous, tympanic and styloid segments. Specific disease processes afflict each part of the temporal bone, largely dictated by its anatomy and constituent structures. Hence a structured approach to image interpretation and reporting is especially useful in this region to localise the lesion and subsequently generate differential diagnoses. Traditionally CT has been the imaging modality of choice in assessing temporal bone lesions. However, currently, CT and MRI are deemed complimentary. CT provides exquisite details of anatomy, characterises osseous lesions, determines bony involvement/destruction and extension while MRI is highly useful in assessing intrinsic lesion characteristics due to its superior contrast resolution. In certain aetiologies such as cholesteatoma MRI is diagnostic. This poster aims to review the anatomy of temporal bone and various common, uncommon acquired non traumatic temporal bone lesions in children. The lesions that will be discussed in this poster are listed below: <b>Infectious / Inflammatory: </b> 1. Otitis externa 2. Otitis media 3. Coalescent mastoiditis with orbital involvement 4. Bell’s Palsy 5. Guillain-Barre’ syndrome with facial palsy <b>Neoplastic Lesions: </b> 1. Vestibular schwannoma 2. Rhabdomyosarcoma 3. Ewing’s sarcoma 4. Langerhan’s cell histiocytosis 5. Osteoblastoma 6. Osteoma 7. Aggressive Myofibromatosis <b>Vascular: </b> 1. Carotid vasculitis secondary to petrous abscess <b>Miscellaneous Lesions: </b> 1. Cholesteatoma (congenital and acquired) 2. Cholesterol granuloma Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2019 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2019

Authors: Karuppiah Viswanathan Ashok Mithra, Wilson Nagwa

Keywords: Temporal Bone, Children, Acquired lesions

The maxillary and mandibular bone lesions encompass diverse spectrum of conditions, including congenital, inflammatory and neoplastic processes with both odontogenic and non-odontogenic origins. Various syndromes and metabolic diseases can also involve or affect jaw bones. There is also a meaningful difference between the incidence of jaw lesions in adults and children, for example the inflammatory odontogenic cysts such as periapical cysts are less common in pediatrics compared to the adult. Also, the primary and metastatic neoplasms are not histologically and statistically similar in two age groups. On the other hand, for many radiologists the maxillary and mandibular lesions are terra incognito (unknown land). In this pictorial assay, we will review the distinct radiological features of the common and uncommon jaw lesions in different imaging modalities in the pediatric age group. The radiologic analysis of these lesions requires a systematic approach and a broad consideration of clinical and imaging characteristics to enable narrowing the differential diagnosis which will guide following steps in diagnosis and management. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2025 Annual Meeting , 2025

Authors: Naseri Mitra, Wilson Nagwa, Meriky Lama

Keywords: Neck, Masses, Imaging Features

Pediatric spine tumors and their mimics present unique diagnostic challenges due to overlapping clinical presentations and imaging features. Accurate differentiation between neoplastic lesions and non-neoplastic conditions such as infections, inflammatory disorders and others is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure timely, appropriate treatment. This pictorial essay provides a comprehensive visual overview of common and rare pediatric spine tumors, including ependymomas, astrocytoma's, and bone tumors like osteoid osteoma, giant cell tumour as well as their mimics such as vertebral osteomyelitis, spinal tuberculosis, hemangioma and syringomyelia. Through a series of high-quality case examples, we highlight key imaging characteristics across various modalities, including MRI , CT and US that help distinguish these entities. We emphasize the importance of a systematic approach to spinal imaging, integrating clinical history, radiological findings and pathological correlation to avoid diagnostic pitfalls. This poster aims to equip radiologists and clinicians with a practical framework to enhance diagnostic confidence and optimize management strategies for pediatric patients with spinal pathologies. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2025 Annual Meeting , 2025

Authors: Khurana Rajat, Rampal Parikha, Nasr Youssef, Eldamalway Dina, Abdeen Nishard, Wilson Nagwa

Keywords: Spine, Spinal Cord, Tumor