A four-year-old girl was referred to our service to investigate a mass in her left forearm. About a year before she had cellulitis in the same place which was treated and resolved with antibiotics. A month previous to our consult she notices a soft tissue swelling in her left forearm and a pediatrician referred her to an oncologist for investigation. On physical examination, she presented with a medial bulging in her left forearm with local pain and no inflammatory signs. There was no history of fever. The plain radiograph showed a lytic lesion oriented along the axis of the ulna surrounded by fading sclerosis. In the Computed Tomography there was a lytic lesion with periosteal new bone formation. The diagnosis was Brodie’s abscess which is a form of subacute osteomyelitis. It is a collection of purulent material surrounded by granulation tissue and reparative sclerotic bone. Staphylococcal Aureus is the most common organism to lead to this entity but any pyogenic organism can cause it. Osteomyelitis is the result of bone infection being the trabecular and cortical involved. It can be spread by exogenous and contiguous or endogenous due to hematogenous spread. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Guarilha Taísa, Di Puglia Elazir

Keywords: Osteomyelitis, Brodie's abscess, musculoskeletal

The spleen is frequently involved in a wide range of pathological processes, yet is insufficiently addressed in the radiology literature for the pediatric population. Understanding the embryological development of the spleen – originating as a mesodermal derivative that initially manifests as a condensation of mesenchymal cells within the dorsal mesogastrium and later translocates to the left side of the abdominal cavity as the stomach rotates – and recognizing its normal appearance in imaging methods are crucial for the accurate diagnosis of pathological processes. These processes vary from focal to diffuse spleen involvement and include anatomical variants (e.g., splenunculus), variations in size (e.g., splenomegaly), in number (e.g., polysplenia and asplenia), and in location (e.g., wandering spleen), as well as vascular (e.g., hemangioma and infarction), traumatic (e.g., lacerations), infectious (e.g., abscess), genetic (e.g., sickle cell disease) and neoplastic abnormalities (e.g., lymphoma and metastasis). Ultrasound is typically the first imaging modality in evaluating the spleen and its lesions; however, CT can provide detailed information in some contexts (e.g., trauma), and MRI offers excellent soft tissue contrast and is useful in cases requiring etiology differentiation (e.g., tumor). Therefore, it is important to understand how these different entities present in different imaging modalities, and what makes them unique. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of spleen embryological development, and a visual differentiation of both common and uncommon splenic lesions in the pediatric population, highlighting high-yield clinical cases that illustrate key findings. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2025 Annual Meeting , 2025

Authors: Silva De Campos Meneses Marcus Otavio, Braojos Fernanda, Prodigios Joice, Guarilha Taísa, Rodrigues Santos Luiz Antonio, Souza Antonio

Keywords: Spleen, Multimodality, Splenic