<b>Background:</b> Sonographic techniques are simple and safe. The utility and clinical value of dynamic sonographic evaluation of the glenohumeral joint in infants with brachial plexus injury (BPBI) has been described since the late 1990's. However, this technique remains an underutilized tool in most imaging practices. Brachial plexus injury during the birthing process can lead to glenoid dysplasia, posterior shoulder subluxation and significant morbidity if left untreated. Imaging evaluation of the degree of deformity is paramount to guide clinical treatment and the follow-up of complicated cases. Imaging techniques include MRI, CT and US. Shoulder ultrasound provides a dynamic, noninvasive method of evaluation. It has also been our experience that this imaging technique can be mastered by the Sonographer and supported with accurate interpretation by the Radiologist. <b>Purpose:</b> Describe the imaging features of glenohumeral joint dysplasia due to BPBI with emphasis on ultrasound technique. Review step-by-step dynamic sonographic evaluation of the glenohumeral joint in BPBI with emphasis on correct positioning of the patient to ensure consistency and reproducible quality imaging. Improve both confidence and independent evaluation of patients through this presentation by the sonographer. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2019 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2019

Authors: Hutchinson Marcy, Kozak Brandi, Ho-fung Victor, Chauvin Nancy

Keywords: glenohumeral, brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI)

Muscle hernias occur when a muscle protrudes through a fascial defect into the subcutaneous fat, hence presenting as a subcutaneous palpable mass. While the palpable abnormality is usually asymptomatic, it can also present with pain. Muscles hernias occur most often in adolescents and young adults and might be due to sporting activities, trauma, or overlying fascia weakness. Because of its dynamic real-time imaging capabilities, ultrasound is best suited for the evaluation of these lesions. Moreover, a definitive diagnosis can be reached with ultrasound hence avoding additional time and expenses while promptly providing reassurance to the patients and families. US has excellent sensitivity and specificity for the identification of muscles hernias. However, baseline knowledge of this disease as well as close attention to technique are needed to reliably reach the proper diagnosis. Our educational poster will: 1. Summarize proper US equipment, technique and protocol for diagnosing muscle hernia 2. Discuss advantages and benefits of US over other imaging modalities 3. Illustrate the sonographic findings of muscles hernias Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Schneeman Libby, Hutchinson Marcy, Ho-fung Victor, Otero Hansel

Keywords: muscle, hernia, ultrasound