Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disease and a significant source of morbidity. Though the incidence of VTE, composed of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary emobolism (PE), is more common in adults, an increasing number of children are being diagnosed. Children who are critically ill are at greatest risk of developing VTE. Duplex sonography is a critical front line tool in the detection and evaluation of venous thrombosis. Serial surveillance examinations allow real-time assessment of thrombosis including propagation and progression. Recognizing the presentation and sonographic appearance of venous thrombosis assists the clinician in timely therapeutic decision-making and clinical management. The goals of this exhibit are: 1. Describe the technical approach of performing duplex vascular ultrasound, including tips and technology that assist in optimizing studies. 2. Discuss the incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of pediatric VTE. 3. Depict the sonographic appearance of thrombosis with emphasis on correlation to other modalities. 4. Discuss prognosis and long-term outcomes of VTE in children. 5. Describe future techniques and applications. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Cielma Tara, Hill Cara, Mirza Sobia, Sanchez Ramon

Keywords: Deep venous thrombosis, Venous thromboembolism, Pulmonary embolism

Thyroid hemiagenesis (TH) is a rare congenital abnormality associated with a higher incidence of thyroid disease. It is often asymptomatic and an incidental finding. However, TH may present as a palpable thyroid nodule, prompting sonography and thyroid function testing. Ultrasound (US) can differentiate between total absence of the thyroid lobe and severe hypoplasia. It is also useful for guiding fine needle aspiration when warranted. Scintigraphy is useful for determining the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue and to further characterize focal nodular thyroid lesions. Despite their respective roles, imaging findings on both US and scintigraphy can pose diagnostic challenges to the pediatric radiologist. This educational poster will review the embryology of the thyroid gland, frequency of TH, clinical presentation and associations with additional thyroid anomalies such as malignancy, thyroiditis and abnormal gland function. Imaging features of TH will be reviewed with focus on (US) and scintigraphy. The goals of this exhibit are: 1. Review the incidence and clinical presentation of pediatric patients with TH 2. Describe the imaging findings and role of ultrasound and scintigraphy in the diagnosis and follow-up of TH 3. Discuss prognosis and outcomes of TH in children Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Mirza Sobia, Sanchez Ramon, Ma Grace, Cielma Tara, Vaidyanathan Priya

Keywords: thyroid, hemiagenesis, cancer

This electronic poster discusses the various clinical and imaging features of pediatric hyperthyroidism, including Graves’ disease and toxic nodule. Imaging modalities reviewed include ultrasound and molecular imaging. We will provide an overview of I-131 hyperthyroid therapy with focus on guideline-based practices of patient preparation, I-131 dosing and post-therapy radiation precautions. A pressing concern for patients and families following I-131 therapy is how long radiation precautions must be followed and when the patient may return to school or work. We have developed and implemented a table listing the appropriate duration of post-therapy radiation precautions based on the administered I-131 dose. We propose the use of such tables for ease of consultation and standardization of discharge procedures. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Mirza Sobia, Shalaby-rana Eglal, Kovats Catalina, Loomis Judyta, Vyas Pranav, Shet Narendra, Fricke Stanley, Cielma Tara, Bush Ebony, Grecco Krystal

Keywords: hyperthyroid, I-131, iodine