Vocal cord paralysis (VCP) is a common cause of respiratory and feeding problems in the pediatric population. The goals of this exhibit are: 1. Review the anatomy of the larynx and recurrent laryngeal nerve 2. Discuss the incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of pediatric vocal cord paralysis 3. Describe the technical approach of performing laryngeal ultrasound 4. Illustrate the sonographic appearance of vocal cord paralysis 5. Discuss diagnostic criteria of pediatric vocal cord paralysis Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022

Authors: Sanchez Ramon, Cielma Tara, Mudd Pamela

Keywords: Vocal cord, recurrent laryngeal nerve, larynx

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disease and a significant source of morbidity. Though the incidence of VTE, composed of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary emobolism (PE), is more common in adults, an increasing number of children are being diagnosed. Children who are critically ill are at greatest risk of developing VTE. Duplex sonography is a critical front line tool in the detection and evaluation of venous thrombosis. Serial surveillance examinations allow real-time assessment of thrombosis including propagation and progression. Recognizing the presentation and sonographic appearance of venous thrombosis assists the clinician in timely therapeutic decision-making and clinical management. The goals of this exhibit are: 1. Describe the technical approach of performing duplex vascular ultrasound, including tips and technology that assist in optimizing studies. 2. Discuss the incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of pediatric VTE. 3. Depict the sonographic appearance of thrombosis with emphasis on correlation to other modalities. 4. Discuss prognosis and long-term outcomes of VTE in children. 5. Describe future techniques and applications. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Cielma Tara, Hill Cara, Mirza Sobia, Sanchez Ramon

Keywords: Deep venous thrombosis, Venous thromboembolism, Pulmonary embolism

The main purpose is to depict sonographic features of the subpial hemorrhage of the neonate. Secondary purposes are: (1) Review the anatomy of the subpial space, (2) Review proposed pathophysiology, (3) Demonstrate CT and MR correlates of subpial hemorrhages. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022

Authors: Molto Garcia Jose Francisco, Cielma Tara, Rao Jhanavi, Czarniecki Marcin B., Sanchez Ramon

Keywords: Hemorrhage, Ultrasound, Brain

Thyroid hemiagenesis (TH) is a rare congenital abnormality associated with a higher incidence of thyroid disease. It is often asymptomatic and an incidental finding. However, TH may present as a palpable thyroid nodule, prompting sonography and thyroid function testing. Ultrasound (US) can differentiate between total absence of the thyroid lobe and severe hypoplasia. It is also useful for guiding fine needle aspiration when warranted. Scintigraphy is useful for determining the presence of ectopic thyroid tissue and to further characterize focal nodular thyroid lesions. Despite their respective roles, imaging findings on both US and scintigraphy can pose diagnostic challenges to the pediatric radiologist. This educational poster will review the embryology of the thyroid gland, frequency of TH, clinical presentation and associations with additional thyroid anomalies such as malignancy, thyroiditis and abnormal gland function. Imaging features of TH will be reviewed with focus on (US) and scintigraphy. The goals of this exhibit are: 1. Review the incidence and clinical presentation of pediatric patients with TH 2. Describe the imaging findings and role of ultrasound and scintigraphy in the diagnosis and follow-up of TH 3. Discuss prognosis and outcomes of TH in children Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Mirza Sobia, Sanchez Ramon, Ma Grace, Cielma Tara, Vaidyanathan Priya

Keywords: thyroid, hemiagenesis, cancer