MRI is not routinely used in clinical practice for lung imaging because of the low proton density and respiratory motion artifact. However, the ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI technique can increase the signal in the lung. Image reconstruction techniques, such as iterative motion compensated (iMoCo) reconstruction, have improved respiratory motion management for free-breathing lung MRI scans. With the advantage of no ionizing radiation, MRI can benefit patients with immunodeficiency who often require repeat imaging, patients with heightened radiation sensitivity, and/or pediatric patients. In this abstract, we aim to evaluate the imaging quality of UTE lung MRI in the pediatric population. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2023 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2023

Authors: Tan Fei, Zapala Matthew, Durand Rachelle, Chan Marilynn, Larson Peder

Keywords: MRI, Image Quality, Lung

MRI of the abdomen faces several technical challenges owing to respiratory motion, bowel peristalsis, and the need for large volumetric coverage. In adult patients, imaging is typically performed during multiple breath holds to avoid motion artifact; however pediatric patients may be unable to perform consistent breath holds or remain motionless during MRI acquisition. Although techniques such as child life specialists, MRI video goggles, and dedicated MR suite environments have reduced the need for anesthesia in MRI, general anesthesia may be necessary in some patients. Simulating breath holds in anesthetized patients is a technically difficult procedure requiring timed ventilation of the patient's abdomen during MRI acquisition, and results in progressive image degradation due to retained air artifact. Dynamic Scan Optimization (DISCO) combines 3D DCEMRI + 2 pt Dixon + Parallel Imaging + Temporal Acceleration to provide high spatiotemporal resolution while drastically reducing scan time. Because pediatric patients have relatively low respiratory volumes, this technique enables acquisition of diagnostic quality images without breath-holding. The purpose of this exhibit is to: (1) provide a guide for successful application of navigated spontaneous breathing multiphase DISCO sequence (2) review common use cases of the DISCO sequence (3) provide practical suggestions for troubleshooting DISCO Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2023 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2023

Authors: Cheng Jocelyn, Durand Rachelle, Zapala Matthew, Cort Kayla, Bhuller Jeanie, Courtier Jesse

Keywords: Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, DIfferential Sub-sampling with Cartesian Ordering, pediatric abdominal MRI

Cat-Scratch Disease (CSD) is an infectious disease that predominantly affects pediatric patients, usually ages 4-9 years old. The annual incidence is estimated at 4.5 patients per 100,000 population. CSD is primarily caused by B. henselae, an intracellular gram-negative bacillus; it is transmitted via scratch, lick, or bite from a cat. It presents with lymphadenopathy proximal to the site of inoculation; most commonly, this is axillary, epitrochlear, cervical, or inguinal lymphadenopathy. While CSD can be diagnosed clinically and has objective findings on histopathology, the imaging findings are unclear and have been debated in the literature. As such, we sought to clarify the multimodal imaging findings associated with CSD. We performed a review of the literature to highlight the existing radiological consensus. We also contribute several of our own new cases from our institution. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2023 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2023

Authors: Baig Farhan, Zapala Matthew, Kim Jane, Durand Rachelle, Cohen Pierre-alain, Wattier Rachel, Courtier Jesse

Keywords: Cat Scratch Disease, CSD, lymphadenopathy