Embryogenesis is a complicated process that requires fine-tuning of multiple factors. Certain transient vestigial structures play a key role in the development and maturation of the developing organs. Persistence or incomplete regression of these primitive structures can give rise to numerous disease entities that may vary from incidental findings to potentially life-threatening conditions. Knowledge of these embryonic remnants is critical for radiologists, as they are encountered in daily practice and can often mimic other pathologies. The purpose of this educational material is to provide a comprehensive presentation of the most important embryonic remnants that radiologists and trainees need to be aware of. The structures that will be discussed, along with their related pathologies, include: aortic arches, cardinal veins, branchial arches, thyroglossal duct, thymopharyngeal duct, nasopalatine duct, Rathke’s cleft, allantois, vitelline duct, Mullerian duct, Wolfian duct, cloaca, notochord, neurenteric canal, falcine sinus, septum pellucidum and primary vitreous. Facts about their embryological background, anatomical location and clinical manifestations will be provided, as well as representative radiological images and differential considerations. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022

Authors: Sideris Georgios, Tenenbaum Mary, Catanzano Tara

Keywords: Embryology

Soft tissue lesions are very frequently encountered in daily clinical practice. Ultrasonography is typically the first-line modality given its ease of use and low cost. Pediatric radiologists play a crucial role in guiding further management by recommending observation, additional imaging or tissue sampling. However, characterizing lesions solely based on imaging can be challenging, as some cases lack definitive features. This image-rich educational exhibit will showcase both common and rare pediatric soft tissue entities that have been observed at our tertiary medical center from June 2015 to August 2023. Each displayed image will be accompanied by a label indicating whether the diagnosis is confirmed (via biopsy) or highly likely (based on imaging and clinical behavior). Teaching points and differential diagnostic considerations will be provided for each case. The aim of this poster is to highlight the distinguishing features of each entity and to aid in image interpretation. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2024 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2024

Authors: Sideris Georgios, Stever Madeline, Khubchandani Mansha, Xian Ziyu, Makris Joseph

Keywords: Soft Tissue, Ultrasound