Eliades Sarah,  Pomeranz Christy,  Baad Michael,  Roytman Michelle,  Kovanlikaya Arzu

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-056

Ultrasound is typically the first-line imaging modality for the evaluation of superficial soft tissue masses in the pediatric population. While certain superficial soft tissue masses have a classic appearance on ultrasound, others may have a nonspecific appearance and may vary in their sonographic characteristics. This can make a definitive diagnosis and follow-up recommendations difficult, especially for trainees.

We aim to provide a basic overview of some of the common and less common superficial soft tissue masses that may be encountered in pediatric imaging, and introduce a novel, structured algorithmic approach for evaluating these lesions on ultrasound. The algorithm will assist the radiologist in reaching a definitive diagnosis or narrowing the differential such that a helpful recommendation for further workup can be made. For example, the algorithm will include internal vascularity, border distinctness, cystic or solid components, presence or absence of calcifications, and location in the body and within the superficial soft tissue layers. Pictorial examples of each sonographic feature in the algorithm will provide further assistance.

Pathologies will include but not be limited to: pilomatricoma, glanuloma annulare, epidermal inclusion cyst, ganglion cyst, abscess/infection, lipoma, hematoma, lymph nodes, vascular anomalies, and soft tissue sarcomas. When a definitive diagnosis is not achievable, this algorithm will help the radiologist determine the likelihood of benignity, a short differential diagnosis, and a recommendation for any further imaging workup. Read More

Authors:  Eliades Sarah , Pomeranz Christy , Baad Michael , Roytman Michelle , Kovanlikaya Arzu

Keywords:  Soft tissue mass, Ultrasound, Superficial

Golden Eleza,  Simoneaux Stephen,  Dickson Paula

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-049

To describe the radiographic appearance of subclinical calcified brown fat necrosis and to delineate the associated clinical and laboratory findings. While brown fat necrosis has been described in infants with underlying cardiac disease treated with prostaglandins, we emphasize hypotension from cardiac or respiratory arrest as a primary risk factor. Read More

Authors:  Golden Eleza , Simoneaux Stephen , Dickson Paula

Keywords:  fat necrosis, soft tissue calcification, congenital heart disease

Ksiazek Kathleen

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-016 (T)

Medical imaging of the soft tissue of the neck or airway is one of the most common, and sometimes challenging, exams performed at a pediatric hospital. Imaging of the airway can help identify enlarged adenoids, the presence of a foreign body, an abscess, pathology or anatomical abnormality. It is crucial to understand the proper technique, breathing instructions and positioning in order to obtain optimal imaging for correct diagnosis. Different radiographic findings will be presented with examples of incorrect positioning, grid usage, exposure factors, artifacts and ways to improve the image quality. This poster will also provide technologists with tips and recommendations to help them to feel prepared and confident to work with all pediatric patients. Read More

Authors:  Ksiazek Kathleen

Keywords:  Airway, Soft tissue of neck

Sideris Georgios,  Stever Madeline,  Khubchandani Mansha,  Xian Ziyu,  Makris Joseph

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-062

Soft tissue lesions are very frequently encountered in daily clinical practice. Ultrasonography is typically the first-line modality given its ease of use and low cost. Pediatric radiologists play a crucial role in guiding further management by recommending observation, additional imaging or tissue sampling. However, characterizing lesions solely based on imaging can be challenging, as some cases lack definitive features. This image-rich educational exhibit will showcase both common and rare pediatric soft tissue entities that have been observed at our tertiary medical center from June 2015 to August 2023. Each displayed image will be accompanied by a label indicating whether the diagnosis is confirmed (via biopsy) or highly likely (based on imaging and clinical behavior). Teaching points and differential diagnostic considerations will be provided for each case. The aim of this poster is to highlight the distinguishing features of each entity and to aid in image interpretation. Read More

Authors:  Sideris Georgios , Stever Madeline , Khubchandani Mansha , Xian Ziyu , Makris Joseph

Keywords:  Soft Tissue, Ultrasound

Rossel Natalia,  Pérez-marrero Lizbet,  Whittle Carolina,  Aris Ricardo,  Fuentealba Isabel

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-025

Soft tissue hemangiomas (STH) are the most common benign vascular tumors in childhood. Its diagnosis is mainly clinical. In some cases, imaging is required, US Doppler choice of preference. Less frequently, it can be complemented with complex studies such as diagnostic angiography, MRI and biopsy, or ultrasonographic follow-up.
This study aims to investigate the characteristics of STH that required imaging follow-up, complex studies or biopsies. Read More

Authors:  Rossel Natalia , Pérez-marrero Lizbet , Whittle Carolina , Aris Ricardo , Fuentealba Isabel

Keywords:  Soft Tissue Hemangioma, Infantile hemangioma, Congenital hemangioma

Hameed Shema,  Lloyd Claire,  Carmichael James,  Navarro Oscar

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-029

Soft-tissue tumors provide a significant part of a pediatric radiologists’ work. Using the World Health Organization (WHO) soft-tissue tumor classification system, those most relevant to pediatric imaging can be broadly categorized into tumors of adipocytic, fibroblastic/myofibroblastic, so-called fibrohistiocytic, vascular, nerve sheath, uncertain differentiation, smooth and skeletal muscle origin. Ultrasound remains the primary modality of choice as it is quick, provides excellent soft-tissue resolution, allows assessment of vascularity, is cost-effective and does not require sedation in young children. With rapidly advancing technology, exquisite soft-tissue detail can now be achieved, and along with additional knowledge of the natural history and imaging characteristics of soft-tissue tumors in recent years, the diagnostic accuracy of US has significantly increased.
The objectives of this exhibit are to review the sonographic imaging findings of benign and malignant pediatric soft-tissue tumors and present specific features that aid diagnosis using illustrative examples from our institutions. Read More

Authors:  Hameed Shema , Lloyd Claire , Carmichael James , Navarro Oscar

Keywords:  Soft-tissue tumors, Ultrasound, World Health Organization

Smyth Anna,  Aboagye Rosemond,  Lee Anna,  Bray Heather

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-052

The purpose of this educational exhibit is to illustrate the radiological appearance of various ossified soft tissue lesions. The differential diagnosis is wide, with entities ranging from benign to malignant. Using instructive and interesting cases encountered at our department, this presentation will outline an approach to forming a differential diagnosis. Various teaching points will be highlighted. Pathological correlation will be included where available.

The cases to be presented include:
Myositis ossificans
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva
Tenosynovial osteochondromatosis
Dysplasia Epiphysealis Hemimelica
Pseudohypoparathyroidism - Albright’s hereditary osteodystrophy
Phlebolith in a vascular malformation
Pilomatrixoma
Heterotopic ossification
Synovial Sarcoma

This presentation will highlight the distinguishing imaging characteristics of each entity and help narrow the differential diagnosis for a radiologist when faced with a pediatric ossified soft tissue lesion. Read More

Authors:  Smyth Anna , Aboagye Rosemond , Lee Anna , Bray Heather

Keywords:  Ossified soft tissue