Markowitz Richard

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-011

This poster reviews the early origins of the SPR, how it came to be, and who were the leaders who were responsible for its creation. These leaders and “giants” went on to train others who carried on their work and expanded it. Today, most pediatric radiologists can trace their professional genealogy back to one of the original founders of the SPR. As the SPR has grown and developed, it has become more inclusive and diverse. Twelve outstanding women have been presidents of the SPR since 1977. From the original goal of sharing a few cases among friends, it has grown into a mature, scientifically based platform for the creation and dissemination of new and cutting-edge developments in the field of pediatric imaging. We owe a debt of gratitude to those who preceded us; we remain inspired by them; and we carry forward their commitment, wisdom, and dedication to advancing the best practices to enhance children’s health. Read More

Authors:  Markowitz Richard

Keywords:  Education, Imaging, Pediatric Radiology

Mccauley Robert,  Pierre Kevin,  Yekeler Ensar,  Sharma Priya,  Rodero Cardoso Mariana

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-027

Sparganosis is a rare parasitic infection caused by the plerocercoid larvae of Spirometra spp. That is seldom encountered in humans. Clinical presentations are often nonspecific, and imaging findings can mimic other soft tissue lesions and lead to misdiagnosis. We present a case of a 14-year-old female with an abdominal wall lesion initially suspected to be cutaneous endometriosis, which was later diagnosed as sparganosis.

Case Presentation:
A 14-year-old female presented with a progressively enlarging, tender subcutaneous mass located superior and left of the umbilicus. The lesion was associated with intermittent pain, particularly exacerbated during menstruation, which raised clinical suspicion for cutaneous endometriosis. Abdominal MRI revealed a 2.5 cm subcutaneous mass with heterogeneous signal intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Areas of hyperintensity suggested hemorrhagic components, which can be seen with endometriotic implants.

The patient underwent surgical excision of the mass. Intraoperatively, a well-defined subcutaneous lesion was removed without complications. Histopathological examination unexpectedly revealed a cestode consistent with Spirometra spp. (sparganosis), along with mixed inflammation, granulation tissue formation, and focal necrosis. The cystic structure corresponded to the parasite's infection site. Postoperative management included prescribing albendazole therapy following stool sample collection to rule out residual parasitic infection.

Discussion:

Sparganosis is an uncommon parasitic infection in humans that is typically acquired through ingestion of contaminated water or undercooked meat from intermediate hosts. It often presents as a slowly growing subcutaneous mass, which can be mistaken for other soft tissue lesions such as lipomas, cysts, or, as in this case, endometriosis. Imaging findings are nonspecific; MRI may show cystic or solid masses with variable enhancement patterns. In this patient, MRI findings closely resembled cutaneous endometriosis due to the presence of hemorrhagic components within the lesion.

Definitive diagnosis of sparganosis is usually established postoperatively via histopathological identification of the parasite. This case demonstrates the importance of considering parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous masses. Read More

Authors:  Mccauley Robert , Pierre Kevin , Yekeler Ensar , Sharma Priya , Rodero Cardoso Mariana

Keywords:  MRI, Infection, Pediatric Radiology

Morales-tisnés Tatiana,  Miranda Schaeubinger Monica,  Yaya Carlos,  Milla Sarah,  Heller Richard,  Otero Hansel

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-025

Access to healthcare, and in particular to pediatric subspecialties, including pediatric radiology, is limited. Increasingly limited access creates or accentuates preexisting disparities and injustices. However, because of the complexity of the issue, it is difficult to objectively study and quantify it. This exhibit will describe current barriers to pediatric radiology access, available research tools and methodologies that can help us measure the impact of such barriers. Then, we propose a research agenda to systematically approach the problem. Read More

Authors:  Morales-tisnés Tatiana , Miranda Schaeubinger Monica , Yaya Carlos , Milla Sarah , Heller Richard , Otero Hansel

Keywords:  Pediatric radiology, Access to healthcare, Research agenda

Joshi Aparna,  Kalra Kunal

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-062

The number of reconstruction surgeries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in pediatric patients has risen dramatically over the past two decades as a result of changes in treatment philosophy and perhaps frequency of injury. It is therefore important for pediatric radiologists to recognize the normal postoperative appearance of the different surgeries as well as their complications. This educational exhibit will review the types of reconstructive methods used in both skeletally immature and mature patients (physeal-sparing, partial transphyseal and transphyseal), complications (growth disturbances, graft failure, impingement, arthrofibrosis, intra-articular bodies) and relevant imaging findings on plain radiography and MRI. Read More

Authors:  Joshi Aparna , Kalra Kunal

Keywords:  Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, pediatric, radiology

Qi Jing,  Eutsler Eric,  Siegel Marilyn

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-068

Dual-energy CT (DECT) refers to the acquisition of CT datasets at two different energy spectra, which allows differentiation and classification of tissues. The purpose of this this poster is to describe post-processing algorithms and clinical applications of DECT in children on a dual-source CT system. Read More

Authors:  Qi Jing , Eutsler Eric , Siegel Marilyn

Keywords:  Dual energy CT, Pediatric Radiology, Clinical application

Lins De Carvalho Tiago,  Voss Stephan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-084

This educational exhibit provides an overview of the role radiotracers play in diagnosing, staging, and treating neuroblastoma and neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) in pediatric patients, particularly those associated with certain cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS), which are linked to an increased incidence of neuroendocrine tumors, including pheochromocytoma, and paraganglioma (PPGL). Read More

Authors:  Lins De Carvalho Tiago , Voss Stephan

Keywords:  Nuclear Medicine, Neuroblastoma, Pediatric Radiology

Infante Ignacio,  Mackintosh Cecilia,  Anoni Clara,  Otero Eduardo,  Galeano Monica

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-012 (S)

The objective of this review is to summarize the earliest radiological findings of AMC (arthrogryposis multiplex congenital), detail the most frequently affected joints, identify associated syndromes, and expose the radiological findings in children whose therapy was delayed. Read More

Authors:  Infante Ignacio , Mackintosh Cecilia , Anoni Clara , Otero Eduardo , Galeano Monica

Keywords:  joint contractures, associated syndromes, pediatric radiology

Ilivitzki Anat,  Scolnik Michal

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-095

In this pictorial essay on typical and atypical lung metastases in pediatric patients, we aim to assist radiologists in identifying suspicious features on CT scans. Our goal is to guide decisions regarding follow-up imaging to ensure a timely diagnosis, enabling children to receive prompt and potentially lifesaving treatment. Read More

Authors:  Ilivitzki Anat , Scolnik Michal

Keywords:  CT Chest, Pediatric Radiology, Oncology

Lall Neil,  Spaeth-cook Douglas,  Ho Mai Lan,  Zucker Evan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-002

Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds great promise in pediatric radiology, but its adoption has been slower compared to adult imaging. Although a 2022 special issue of Pediatric Radiology highlighted potential AI applications, the number of FDA-cleared AI algorithms for pediatric radiology remains limited. As of October 2024, out of 333 FDA-cleared AI Software-as-a-Medical-Device (SaMD) tools, only 26 (8%) are applicable to pediatric imaging, despite children comprising 22% of the U.S. population. More strikingly, only three (<1%) of these SaMD tools are specifically designed for pediatric use, focusing on dental cavity detection, bone age assessment, and hip dysplasia. This educational exhibit showcases the different types of FDA-cleared SaMD AI algorithms designated for use in pediatric radiology and identifies the clinical needs being served as well as those that have yet to be addressed. Additionally, the exhibit will explore the discordance in the development of AI imaging tools for the pediatric population compared to adults, highlighting risks created by this gap and addressing the reasons for such a disparity. Read More

Authors:  Lall Neil , Spaeth-cook Douglas , Ho Mai Lan , Zucker Evan

Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence, Pediatric Radiology, Informatics

Mannuru Sravani,  Hui Jessica,  Lai Lillian

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-018

Extralobar pulmonary sequestration (EPS) and cystic neuroblastoma (CN) are rare pediatric thoracoabdominal masses with distinct yet sometimes overlapping imaging features, posing diagnostic challenges for radiologists. Accurate differentiation is crucial for guiding clinical management and preventing unnecessary interventions. This review focuses on comparing the imaging characteristics of EPS and CN, with emphasis on key features that aid in distinguishing between these entities. EPS typically presents as a well-defined, homogenous mass located near the lower lobes of the lung, often with systemic arterial supply visualized on contrast-enhanced imaging. It may exhibit smooth margins and is commonly identified in neonates and infants. Conversely, cystic neuroblastoma, while rarer, typically manifests as a retroperitoneal mass, often arising from the adrenal gland, with a more complex appearance, including cystic and solid components. Calcifications, which are frequently seen in neuroblastoma, may provide a critical clue for diagnosis, while the absence of systemic arterial supply differentiates it from EPS. Pitfalls arise from the potential overlap in appearance, such as fluid-filled or cystic components within both lesions, which may lead to confusion. Additionally, both lesions may be incidentally discovered on prenatal or early postnatal imaging, necessitating careful evaluation of ancillary features such as vascular supply, location, and internal characteristics to ensure accurate diagnosis. This review offers radiology residents, fellows, and attending radiologists a comprehensive comparison of EPS and CN imaging findings, with a focus on avoiding common diagnostic traps. Understanding these key differences enhances diagnostic confidence, promotes appropriate management, and improves outcomes for pediatric patients. Read More

Authors:  Mannuru Sravani , Hui Jessica , Lai Lillian

Keywords:  Pediatric Radiology, Abdominal Imaging, Chest

Diederichs Chad,  Heath Alana,  Mabee Myles,  Hareendranathan Abhilash,  Zonoobi Dornoosh,  Thompson Adrienne,  Jaremko Jacob

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-042

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common congenital problem affecting up to 3% of the the population. If untreated, DDH may lead to hip dislocation and premature osteoarthritis. Current DDH diagnosis is highly operator-dependent as it relies on 2D ultrasound. 3D ultrasound offers more complete, and potentially more reliable, imaging of infant hip geometry. However, it is unclear whether 3D ultrasound images, noisy with artifacts and reconstructed by proprietary algorithms from non-parallel beams, give accurate 3D shape information. We sought to validate the fidelity of acetabular surface models obtained by 3D ultrasound by comparison with those obtained concurrently from MRI. Read More

Authors:  Diederichs Chad , Heath Alana , Mabee Myles , Hareendranathan Abhilash , Zonoobi Dornoosh , Thompson Adrienne , Jaremko Jacob

Keywords:  DDH, 3D ultrasound, MRI, pediatric radiology, hip dysplasia

Shelmerdine Susan,  Lacroix Caroline,  Chavhan Govind,  Doria Andrea

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-044

1) Determine differences in characteristics of studies published within high impact radiology and medical journals journals in comparison to a Pediatric Radiology journal.

2) Outline factors that may have contributed to differences in quality of design of studies and components that could be incorporated into the design of future pediatric radiology research studies in order to improve their quality. Read More

Authors:  Shelmerdine Susan , Lacroix Caroline , Chavhan Govind , Doria Andrea

Keywords:  Research, Publication, Study Design, Pediatric Radiology journal

Derbew Hermon Miliard,  Hailu Tigist,  Salah Fathia Omar,  Otero Hansel

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-007

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, after more than 12 years of in-person programming, our educational collaboration with radiology trainees from Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) in Ethiopia was interrupted. Similar to many US based programs, conferences were transitioned to a virtual format. Since January 2021, we have offered weekly hour-long Friday Case review sessions to residents and fellows from Addis Ababa University. After the first 4 months in which only 2 faculty members presented every week, the opportunity for additional volunteers was offered to all faculty members and the program continued. Here, we describe the results of the last 6 months of the teaching sessions. Read More

Authors:  Derbew Hermon Miliard , Hailu Tigist , Salah Fathia Omar , Otero Hansel

Keywords:  global, education, pediatric radiology

Rooks Elizabeth,  Rousslang Lee,  Meldrum Jaren,  Ishikawa Kyle,  Chen John,  Rousslang Nikki,  Nayiga Joyce,  Destigter Kristen

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-015

Resident trainees in East Africa are challenged in learning pediatric radiology due to limited access to subspecialty knowledge and mentorship. The ubiquitous use of smartphones provides the opportunity to use free instant messaging apps to deliver medical education. To test this approach, we delivered case-based modules via WhatsApp to residents to assess knowledge of pediatric radiology and elicited their feedback for evaluation. Read More

Authors:  Rooks Elizabeth , Rousslang Lee , Meldrum Jaren , Ishikawa Kyle , Chen John , Rousslang Nikki , Nayiga Joyce , Destigter Kristen

Keywords:  Pediatric Radiology, East Africa, Education

Derbew Hermon Miliard,  Yaya Carlos,  Noor Abass,  Miranda Schaeubinger Monica,  Dennis Rebecca,  Jalloul Mohammad,  Mekete Yadel,  Wang Xinmeng,  Otero Hansel

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-004

International clinical observerships in pediatric radiology offer benefits such as academic collaboration and brand recognition. However, they also introduce additional administrative burden, scheduling difficulties, increased faculty workload for the host institution, and regulatory and financial challenges for observers. In January 2021, the observer program at a US-based teaching hospital's radiology department was relaunched following a COVID-19 pandemic hiatus, providing a limited number of scholarships to medical students, residents, fellows, and other colleagues worldwide for 1-6 weeks. During their stay, observers rotated through different divisions, accessed our learning management system (LMS), and were encouraged to attend conferences and to give a lecture or case-based presentation to the department. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the program and the impact on the observer’s career. Read More

Authors:  Derbew Hermon Miliard , Yaya Carlos , Noor Abass , Miranda Schaeubinger Monica , Dennis Rebecca , Jalloul Mohammad , Mekete Yadel , Wang Xinmeng , Otero Hansel

Keywords:  International Observership, Pediatric Radiology, Education

Chitalkar Sachin,  Shet Narendra

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-055

To review the characteristic imaging findings of pediatric fibroblastic/myofibroblastic masses to aid in their diagnosis and management.
Soft tissue lesions in pediatric patients encompass a wide variety of pathologies. While a comprehensive review of all possible pathologies is beyond the scope of this poster, we aim to review one particular subset of lesions, fibroblastic lesions (including myofibroblastic neoplasms), in hopes to bring these to mind when evaluating a pediatric soft tissue mass to improve diagnosis and management of these entities.
Soft tissue masses typically present clinically on the basis of history and physical examination. US and MRI are used as first- and second-line imaging modalities, with limited roles for radiographs, CT and FDG-PET. In this poster, we will review the pertinent imaging findings of these neoplasms. Read More

Authors:  Chitalkar Sachin , Shet Narendra

Keywords:  Soft Tissue Mass, Soft-Tissue Tumors, Pediatric Radiology

Tiangco Justin Christian,  Andres Mariaem

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-014

The subspecialty of Pediatric Radiology is crucial for providing accurate diagnoses and guiding treatment for pediatric patients. This study evaluates the impact of a four-lecture series on Pediatric Radiology on the knowledge of clinical pediatric residents. It focuses on the American
College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria (ACR-AC) and the ability to select suitable imaging modalities. Read More

Authors:  Tiangco Justin Christian , Andres Mariaem

Keywords:  Adaptive Learning, Education, Pediatric Radiology

Lake Long Sarah,  Vaughan Bridget,  Ward Kenneth,  Bisset George,  Wasilewska Ewa,  Karcher Gerald,  Urbine Jacqueline

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-073

Objectives:

Causes of both hypo- and hyper-secretion of pituitary hormones are important developmental pediatric pathologies for which imaging is critical for diagnostic evaluation. While various etiologies cause disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with dedicated pituitary gland sequences are critical to the diagnosis of structural etiologies. Congenital anomalies such as ectopic posterior pituitary which is related to short statue warrants assessment for associated midline anomalies such as optic nerve hypoplasia and corpus callosal dysgenesis. Masses yielding common symtomatic causes of pituitary dysfunction such as growth hormone deficiency secondary to rathke cleft cysts or pitutary adenomas necessitate surgical evaluation. We aim to comprehensively review overall causes related to these pathologies and relevant imaging findings which are fundamental to guide further management.

Learning Points:
This educational exhibit will discuss:
1. Embryology and development of the pituitary gland
2. Pathophysiologic review of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
3. Imaging protocols for evaluation of central structural causes
4. Sella/pituitary normal variants
5. Overview of positive findings on brain/pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and case examples related to pituitary hormone hyper-secretion, such as central precocious puberty
6. Overview of positive findings on brain/pituitary MRI and case examples related to hypopituitarism, such as growth hormone deficiency

Discussion/Take-Home Points:

Proper identification of various structural causes of pituitary dysfunction on brain MRI is critical to further diagnostic, medical, or surgical management in the pediatric population. Read More

Authors:  Lake Long Sarah , Vaughan Bridget , Ward Kenneth , Bisset George , Wasilewska Ewa , Karcher Gerald , Urbine Jacqueline

Keywords:  Pituitary Abnormalities, Pediatric Radiology, MRI

Yaya Carlos,  Miranda Schaeubinger Monica,  Morales-tisnés Tatiana,  Otero Hansel,  Annam Aparna,  Acharya Patricia,  Joshi Aparna

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-023

Advocacy is the act of supporting or defending a specific cause or issue, with the aim of raising public awareness, garnering support, or influencing policy. Traditionally, it has not been included in the pediatric radiology training curriculum or regarded as a conventional academic pursuit. However, we believe it to be a vital aspect of a pediatric radiologist, regardless of their rank or clinical setting. Research efforts can provide support and validate for advocacy processes by generating evidence and measuring their impact and outcomes. We consider that encouraging these efforts is essential for “demystifying’ and better integrating it into academic life. Read More

Authors:  Yaya Carlos , Miranda Schaeubinger Monica , Morales-tisnés Tatiana , Otero Hansel , Annam Aparna , Acharya Patricia , Joshi Aparna

Keywords:  Pediatric radiology, Advocacy, Public Health

Ng Elaine,  Murray Darlene,  Navarro Oscar,  Stimec Jennifer

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-055

Simulation-based education allows for experiential learning to practice and reinforce the CanMEDS roles¹ (as medical expert, communicator and collaborator) in the management of rare events such as medical emergencies in Pediatric Radiology and situations related to patient safety (such as disclosure of adverse events and discussions related to consent). Our objective was to create a simulation workshop to address these education gaps and to determine feasibility, acceptance and educational value as perceived by the participants. Read More

Authors:  Ng Elaine , Murray Darlene , Navarro Oscar , Stimec Jennifer

Keywords:  Patient Safety, Pediatric Radiology, Resuscitation

Lacroix Caroline,  Shelmerdine Susan,  Chavhan Govind

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-043

To determine the characteristics and trends of original research articles published in Pediatric Radiology over the last 10 years. Read More

Authors:  Lacroix Caroline , Shelmerdine Susan , Chavhan Govind

Keywords:  Research, Pediatric Radiology, Publications, Trends, Original Articles

Manteghinejad Amirreza,  Lopez-rippe Julian,  Reid Janet

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-013

Pediatric radiology education research plays a vital role in developing the next generation of competent pediatric radiologists by identifying learning barriers and developing innovative teaching approaches. Despite the growing volume of publications in this field, no comprehensive bibliometric analysis has been conducted to date. This study examines publications in four radiology journals publishing radiology education research papers to identify the current trends and leading institutions and emerging trends. Read More

Authors:  Manteghinejad Amirreza , Lopez-rippe Julian , Reid Janet

Keywords:  Bibliometrics, Pediatric Radiology, Education