Kumar Tushar,  Romberg Erin,  Otjen Jeffrey

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-111

Airway and chest ultrasonography in pediatric patients encompasses a wide spectrum of diagnostic applications, broadly categorized into evaluation of vocal cords, trachea, lungs, diaphragm, and pleura. Vocal cord ultrasonography is increasingly employed for the assessment of vocal cord motion and detection of palsy, particularly in post-intubation or postoperative settings. Tracheal ultrasonography represents an evolving field, currently utilized at our institution for identification of tracheal cartilaginous sleeve—a condition characterized by replacement of segmented tracheal rings with a continuous cartilaginous sheath, often associated with craniosynostosis syndromes. Lung and pleural ultrasonography are well-established techniques increasingly familiar to radiologists and can be useful for evaluating a wide range of pathologies, including consolidation, edema, fibrosis, interstitial pneumonia, lung abscess, pleural effusion, empyema, pneumothorax, and lung tethering. Diaphragmatic ultrasonography is also routinely performed to assess diaphragmatic motion abnormalities such as paralysis, paresis, and eventration—conditions that can be challenging to differentiate by radiograph. A solid understanding of normal lung, pleural, airway, and diaphragmatic anatomy, along with mastery of proper sonographic technique, is essential for accurate diagnosis and interpretation across all levels of radiology practice. As air-filled lungs limit acoustic penetration, radiologists must also recognize common pitfalls and artifacts encountered in pediatric chest ultrasound, including reverberation artefacts, B-lines, M-mode artifacts, and misinterpretation of peritoneal fluid as effusion. Although radiography remains the first-line modality for thoracic evaluation, its utility is constrained by complex, overlapping anatomy of the mediastinum and hidden pulmonary areas. Computed tomography (CT), while diagnostically powerful, exposes young patients to ionizing radiation and should be reserved for cases in which sonography and radiography are inconclusive. This educational exhibit aims to highlight optimal techniques, review relevant anatomy, and illustrate the spectrum of airway and chest pathologies detectable by ultrasound. It further emphasizes recognition of artifacts and comparison with radiographic and CT findings, with goal to promote use of ultrasonography as a radiation-free, readily accessible, and accurate diagnostic tool for pediatric thoracic evaluation. Read More

Authors:  Kumar Tushar , Romberg Erin , Otjen Jeffrey

Keywords:  Chest, Ultrasound, Dynamic Ultrasound

Ilivitzki Anat,  Scolnik Michal

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-095

In this pictorial essay on typical and atypical lung metastases in pediatric patients, we aim to assist radiologists in identifying suspicious features on CT scans. Our goal is to guide decisions regarding follow-up imaging to ensure a timely diagnosis, enabling children to receive prompt and potentially lifesaving treatment. Read More

Authors:  Ilivitzki Anat , Scolnik Michal

Keywords:  CT Chest, Pediatric Radiology, Oncology

Degnan Andrew,  Biko David,  White Ammie,  Servaes Sabah,  Otero Hansel,  Fox William,  Shaffer Thomas,  Zhang Huayan,  Saul David

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-100

With advances in intensive care, increasing numbers of premature neonates with severe respiratory distress have led to major challenges related to prolonged mechanical ventilation and chronic bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome in children still confer significant morbidity and mortality despite advances in ventilation and resuscitative therapies.

Much of the damage attributed to mechanical ventilation in critically ill infants and children is due to surface tension and ventilation of atelectatic lung. First reported clinically in neonates in 1989, partial liquid ventilation involves the endotracheal administration of an inert volatile perfluorochemical liquid. These perfluorocarbons aid in gas exchange due to their large oxygen and carbon dioxide carrying capacity. In addition, these chemicals possess low surface tension that allows for greater alveolar recruitment and improved lung compliance through clearance of debris and secretions.

Early trials in preterm neonates and neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia suggested a role for liquid ventilation as salvage therapy for patients not responding to conventional mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Currently, efforts are underway to reassess its clinical utility in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. With this renewed clinical interest, it is important for pediatric radiologists at institutions utilizing these perfluorocarbons to be familiar with the clinical use and radiographic appearance of liquid ventilation. Read More

Authors:  Degnan Andrew , Biko David , White Ammie , Servaes Sabah , Otero Hansel , Fox William , Shaffer Thomas , Zhang Huayan , Saul David

Keywords:  liquid ventilation, chest radiographs

Schmidt Magdalena,  Manson David,  Zanette Brandon,  Chiu Priscilla,  Malkin David,  Villani Anita,  Greer Mary-louise

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-113

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an increasingly valuable modality for evaluating pediatric chest pathologies beyond cardiac disease. Its diagnostic spectrum now extends to mediastinal, pulmonary, pleural, and chest wall abnormalities. Although traditionally limited by long acquisition times, motion artefacts, and the challenges of lung parenchyma imaging, recent advances such as ultrashort echo time (UTE), and zero echo time (ZTE) sequences have markedly expanded its clinical utility.
This educational poster highlights the applications of MRI across a broad range of pediatric thoracic conditions, including mediastinal masses, congenital lung malformations, pulmonary tumors, infections, inflammatory diseases, and chest wall abnormalities. The mediastinal pathologies are structured according to the standard compartmental classification - prevascular, visceral, and paravertebral - to facilitate a systematic and anatomical approach to interpretation.
Drawing on our institutional experience of primary to quaternary referrals, we will present cases to:
1. Review key MRI techniques applicable to pediatric thoracic imaging, including diffusion-weighted and contrast-enhanced imaging, as well as motion-suppression strategies.
2. Demonstrate MRI findings for mediastinal, pulmonary and chest wall pathologies, focusing on lesion characterization and delineation of relationships to adjacent structures and provide pearls and pitfalls for confident interpretation.
3. Discuss the role of MRI in children, given their heightened tissue sensitivity and increased lifetime risk of radiation-induced malignancy. The advantage is even more significant in patients with cancer predisposition syndromes, in whom cumulative radiation exposure is a major concern.
4. Outline practical workflow aspects, including preparation techniques such as feed-and-sleep imaging and child-life involvement, as well as safety considerations for repeated or contrast-enhanced studies.
5. Compare MRI with CT and radiography, underscoring its diagnostic strengths, limitations, and complementary role in specific clinical scenarios.
6. Provide a structured overview and practical framework to support the use of chest MRI in pediatric imaging.
This educational overview aims to familiarize radiologists with MRI’s current and evolving role in pediatric thoracic imaging, highlight achievable image quality and diagnostic confidence, and encourage broader clinical adoption of radiation-free chest MRI in children. Read More

Authors:  Schmidt Magdalena , Manson David , Zanette Brandon , Chiu Priscilla , Malkin David , Villani Anita , Greer Mary-louise

Keywords:  Chest MRI, Lung Imaging, Mediastinum

Miyazaki Osamu,  Oguma Eiji,  Nishikawa Masanori,  Tanami Yutaka,  Kitami Masahiro,  Hosokawa Takahiro

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-026

To assess the size and number of pulmonary lesions in patients with hepatoblastoma
Diagnostic criteria of the PRETEXT (Pretreatment Extent of Disease) staging system for hepatoblastoma states that pulmonary lesions are judged to be metastases if there is one nodule greater than 10mm in diameter, or if among several nodules at least one is greater than 5mm in diameter. Read More

Authors:  Miyazaki Osamu , Oguma Eiji , Nishikawa Masanori , Tanami Yutaka , Kitami Masahiro , Hosokawa Takahiro

Keywords:  hepatoblastoma, lung metastasis, chest CT

Amiruddin Raisa,  Noor Abass,  Sherwani Poonam

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-090

Recurrent pneumonia in pediatrics is diagnosed when a child develops 2 or more episodes in a year or 3 or more episodes in total, with radiographic clearing of densities in between episodes. It accounts for 7-9% of childhood pneumonia and is the one of leading causes of preventable childhood mortality worldwide. It presents a diagnostic challenge, and management relies on clinical judgement, careful history and physical examination, and features suggestive of underlying conditions.
Identifying the cause of recurrent pneumonia is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment and reducing morbidity and mortality. It can occur due to localized pathology of the respiratory tract or from complications of systemic disease. Chest radiography is one of the most commonly performed imaging studies in pediatric care. It is easy to perform, readily available even in low-resource settings, and is often the first modality of imaging utilized for investigating pneumonia.
We present a case series highlighting the clinical presentations of various pathologies implicated in recurrent pneumonia and the diagnostic role of radiographs and follow up computed tomography (CT) in its management. We finally present a diagnostic algorithm for recurrent pneumonia and emphasize the importance of following a thorough checklist to ensure precise delivery of care.
Readers of this exhibit can expect to learn about the significance of imaging in the diagnosis of recurrent pneumonia due to:
- Foreign bodies
- Tumors
- Congenital malformations
- Immunodeficiency Read More

Authors:  Amiruddin Raisa , Noor Abass , Sherwani Poonam

Keywords:  Radiographic Findings, Pulmonary, CT Chest

Orman Gunes,  Sayad Edouard,  Silvacarmona Manuel,  Vogel Tiphanie P.,  Guillerman R

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 031

The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a group of autoimmune diseases characterized by vascular inflammation requiring immunosuppressive treatment. Involvement is most common of the kidneys and lungs, although there is a paucity of literature reporting the chest imaging findings in children. Our goal is to describe the salient chest imaging findings of pediatric AAV to promote recognition by radiologists. Read More

Authors:  Orman Gunes , Sayad Edouard , Silvacarmona Manuel , Vogel Tiphanie P. , Guillerman R

Keywords:  ANCA, vasculitides, chest CT

Nakagawa Motoo,  Ozawa Yoshiyuki,  Tanaka Yoshihiro,  Shibamoto Yuta

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-002

Characteristic chest radiographic findings of patients with congenital heart disease have been reported for some decades ago. For beginner, it may be hard to detect these findings and to understand reasons why these findings depict. Recently, radiologists can interpret specific findings of congenital heart disease because technique of CT have been developed. Read More

Authors:  Nakagawa Motoo , Ozawa Yoshiyuki , Tanaka Yoshihiro , Shibamoto Yuta

Keywords:  congenital heart disease, chest radiograph, dual source CT

Mannuru Sravani,  Hui Jessica,  Lai Lillian

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-018

Extralobar pulmonary sequestration (EPS) and cystic neuroblastoma (CN) are rare pediatric thoracoabdominal masses with distinct yet sometimes overlapping imaging features, posing diagnostic challenges for radiologists. Accurate differentiation is crucial for guiding clinical management and preventing unnecessary interventions. This review focuses on comparing the imaging characteristics of EPS and CN, with emphasis on key features that aid in distinguishing between these entities. EPS typically presents as a well-defined, homogenous mass located near the lower lobes of the lung, often with systemic arterial supply visualized on contrast-enhanced imaging. It may exhibit smooth margins and is commonly identified in neonates and infants. Conversely, cystic neuroblastoma, while rarer, typically manifests as a retroperitoneal mass, often arising from the adrenal gland, with a more complex appearance, including cystic and solid components. Calcifications, which are frequently seen in neuroblastoma, may provide a critical clue for diagnosis, while the absence of systemic arterial supply differentiates it from EPS. Pitfalls arise from the potential overlap in appearance, such as fluid-filled or cystic components within both lesions, which may lead to confusion. Additionally, both lesions may be incidentally discovered on prenatal or early postnatal imaging, necessitating careful evaluation of ancillary features such as vascular supply, location, and internal characteristics to ensure accurate diagnosis. This review offers radiology residents, fellows, and attending radiologists a comprehensive comparison of EPS and CN imaging findings, with a focus on avoiding common diagnostic traps. Understanding these key differences enhances diagnostic confidence, promotes appropriate management, and improves outcomes for pediatric patients. Read More

Authors:  Mannuru Sravani , Hui Jessica , Lai Lillian

Keywords:  Pediatric Radiology, Abdominal Imaging, Chest

Funaro Kimberly,  Kucera Jennifer

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-033

Congenital chest lesions encompass a wide array of pathology with overlapping imaging characteristics. With prenatal ultrasound and MRI, more congenital chest lesions are being detected sooner, and it is important for radiologists to be familiar with their imaging findings for both diagnostic and prognostic purposes. This educational exhibit reviews the spectrum of pediatric congenital chest lesions and their key imaging findings.
Read More

Authors:  Funaro Kimberly , Kucera Jennifer

Keywords:  Chest, Congenital malformations

Bedoya M. Alejandra,  Iwasaka-neder Jade,  Bixby Sarah,  Tsai Andy

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-005

Knowing the gestational status of a neonate (premature or full-term) impacts a pediatric radiologist’s ability to generate a reasonable differential diagnosis of neonatal diseases. Though crucial, this information is often unavailable at the time of the babygram interpretation. Conventional methods based on measuring the clavicular-pubic length (CPL) and the transverse diameter of the chest (TDC) from a babygram have been proposed as reliable estimators of a neonate’s gestational age. In this study, we aimed to compare these two conventional methodologies to that of a deep-learning (DL) model in determining a neonate’s gestational status. Read More

Authors:  Bedoya M. Alejandra , Iwasaka-neder Jade , Bixby Sarah , Tsai Andy

Keywords:  Artificial intelligence, Clavicular-pubic length, Chest width

Fink Adam,  Levin Terry,  Blumfield Einat,  Liszewski Mark,  Nemerofsky Sheri,  George Kandie,  Eddington K.,  Nafday Suhas,  Ushay H.

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-008

In the PICU and NICU, radiographs are frequently obtained and preliminarily interpreted by intensivists several hours before a board certified pediatric radiologist provides an official interpretation. These preliminary interpretations often result in a change in clinical management. We quantified the discrepancy rates between intensivists at different levels of training and pediatric radiologists to determine areas for intensivist improvement via an educational initiative. Read More

Authors:  Fink Adam , Levin Terry , Blumfield Einat , Liszewski Mark , Nemerofsky Sheri , George Kandie , Eddington K. , Nafday Suhas , Ushay H.

Keywords:  chest, Abdominal

Ramos Jennifer,  Squires Judy

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-085

Pneumomediastinum is a radiological finding that may be seen following thoracic trauma, yet its importance and follow-up imaging recommendations are not standardized. Additionally, there is limited evidence linking traumatic pneumomediastinum to injury that will require treatment.

To evaluate the rate of the positivity of esophagrams performed for post-traumatic pneumomediastinum and to determine the appropriate investigative procedures needed. Read More

Authors:  Ramos Jennifer , Squires Judy

Keywords:  Pneumomediastinum, Esophagram, Chest Computed Tomography (CT)

Horst Kelly,  Zhongxing Zhou,  Hull Nathan,  Thacker Paul,  Thorne Jamison,  Fletcher Joel,  Mccollough Cynthia

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-001

We sought to evaluate the quality and interpretability of non-contrast chest CT images in pediatric patients for the diagnosis of airway disease at two low-dose levels with and without denoising using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN), with one of the dose levels approaching that in a standard chest radiograph. Read More

Authors:  Horst Kelly , Zhongxing Zhou , Hull Nathan , Thacker Paul , Thorne Jamison , Fletcher Joel , Mccollough Cynthia

Keywords:  reduced-dose chest CT, CNN denoising, iterative reconstruction

Turkan Yilmaz Inci,  Salman Muhammet,  Guleryuz Handan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-066

Congenital chest lesions include a wide array of pathology with overlapping imaging characteristics. With prenatal MRI, more congenital chest lesions will be able to detect sooner. We will demonstrate the spectrum of pediatric congenital chest lesions and their key imaging findings Read More

Authors:  Turkan Yilmaz Inci , Salman Muhammet , Guleryuz Handan

Keywords:  congenital, chest

Pan Patrick,  Roth Antoinette,  Chawla Soni

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-125

Chest radiographs remain the most frequently used examination in patients presenting with acute complains, adult and children alike. In many pediatric conditions, an abnormal finding on a chest radiograph may be the first clue available. In this educational exhibit, a systematic approach in the evaluation of pediatric chest radiographs is provided. With the use of mnemonic “In the ER, Look and Listen for Most oBvious Signs!”, the reader will navigate through the essential components of the evaluation with Exposure, Rotation, Lines, Lung fields, Mediastinum, Bones and Soft tissues. Read More

Authors:  Pan Patrick , Roth Antoinette , Chawla Soni

Keywords:  Chest, Radiograph, Approach

Sherwani Poonam,  Singh Man,  Rathaur Vyas

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-051

A 3-year-old boy presented with fever, cough, and breathlessness for 7 days. He had a prior history of recurrent respiratory distress episodes requiring mechanical ventilation. On examination, he was tachypneic with left-sided decreased chest expansion, tracheal deviation to the right, and impaired percussion notes. Chest radiograph revealed a large left thoracic opacity with mediastinal shift. Contrast-enhanced CT showed a large, well-defined anterior mediastinal mass (approximately 12 × 8 × 5 cm) with predominantly soft-tissue attenuation and focal fat densities, suggesting thymolipoma or thymolymphoma.
USG-guided core biopsy initially revealed scant thymic tissue with Hassall corpuscles, favoring thymic origin but non-diagnostic. A repeat CT-guided biopsy showed a biphasic pattern of thymic epithelial cells admixed with lymphocytes. The child underwent complete surgical excision of the mass via an extrapleural approach. Grossly, two encapsulated masses (19 × 13 × 4.5 cm and 9 × 6.5 × 4 cm) were noted with smooth surfaces and lobulated gray-white cut surfaces. Histopathology confirmed WHO Type A thymoma, with intact capsule margins. Read More

Authors:  Sherwani Poonam , Singh Man , Rathaur Vyas

Keywords:  Chest Masses, Masses, Biopsy

Dennison Chelsea B,  Onnis Carlotta,  Ali Sumera,  Huang Hui,  Jergel Andrew,  Alazraki Adina,  Parikh Ashishkumar

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-072

Foreign body (FB) aspiration is a common medical emergency in children, which can be fatal. Prompt diagnosis is crucial to avoid complication. Bronchoscopy represents the gold standard for diagnosis; however, false negatives can lead to unnecessary invasive testing and exposes children to procedural risks. While lateral decubitus radiographs can assess for air trapping, this exam has low sensitivity for detecting airway foreign bodies. Thus, there is a need for a sensitive and specific diagnostic imaging test in the detection of airway FB. We developed and implemented a FB chest CT protocol that is characterized by low-dose relative to a standard chest CT and no intravenous contrast. We hypothesize that low-dose chest CT is a sensitive and specific modality for detection of airway FB in the pediatric population that may ultimately decrease the negative bronchoscopy rate. Read More

Authors:  Dennison Chelsea B , Onnis Carlotta , Ali Sumera , Huang Hui , Jergel Andrew , Alazraki Adina , Parikh Ashishkumar

Keywords:  Chest Computed Tomography (CT), Foreign Body Ingestion, Low Dose Protocol

Salman Rida

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-099

Pediatric rheumatologic diseases are common in children and can have a significant negative impact on children's health and well-being. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is the most common type of arthritis in pediatric patients worldwide. However, multiple other entities can be encountered in these patients and can be first presenting with lung manifestations. Therefore, pediatric radiologists should consider the possibility of underlying rheumatologic disease when they see certain chest imaging findings.
The purpose of this educational exhibit is to review the imaging findings of pediatric rheumatologic diseases with a focus on chest imaging to illustrate the lung manifestions that can be seen in the presence of these diseases. Read More

Authors:  Salman Rida

Keywords:  Rheumatology, CT, chest

Satoor Vamsish,  Marine Megan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-034

Background/Objective:
Rib fractures are one of the most specific fractures in child abuse and are among the most common identified. Diagnosis of an unsuspected rib fracture in a young child or infant is highly concerning for child abuse. Given rib fractures, particularly acute rib fractures, can be subtle and difficult for even experienced radiologists to identify, a screening diagnostic tool to improve the detection accuracy would provide significant value. The objective of this investigation is to create a machine learning algorithm with the ability to recognize the presence or absence of rib fractures on chest radiographs in pediatric patients less than 3 years old. Read More

Authors:  Satoor Vamsish , Marine Megan

Keywords:  Machine learning, Chest x-ray, Pediatric

Ruoss Justin,  Sharma Priya,  Rajderkar Dhanashree

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-121

In this educational exhibit we will use a series of cases from our institution to review the approach to non-mediastinal solid and solid-like lesions found in the pediatric chest. We will use a multimodality approach and discuss differentials, key imaging features and the pathologic basis of these lesions. Read More

Authors:  Ruoss Justin , Sharma Priya , Rajderkar Dhanashree

Keywords:  Chest Masses, Pulmonary Tumors, Persistent Wheezing

Schat Robben,  Holm Tara,  Murati Michael

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-001

This study implements a practical collimation technique utilizing external body landmarks to produce more consistent and appropriate collimation for portable neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) chest radiographs (CXR). Read More

Authors:  Schat Robben , Holm Tara , Murati Michael

Keywords:  NICU, chest radiograph, collimation

Brown Timothy,  Fordham Lynn,  Mclean Sean,  Guimaraes Carolina,  Pryor William

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-093

Pediatric chest wall deformities, such as pectus excavatum, carinatum, and arcuatum, are often congenital and can lead to cardiorespiratory deficiencies and varying psychosocial impact on affected individuals. Patients frequently request or need surgical correction, which has unique risks and often positive outcomes. Pediatric radiologists play a key role in the early recognition of congenital chest wall deformities. Cross-sectional imaging is essential for clinical management in the perioperative interval. The Haller index and Correction index are calculated on cross-sectional imaging and are used to help guide patient management and determine surgical necessity in both excavatum and carinatum. This educational exhibit will review diagnostic imaging characteristics of pediatric chest wall malformations, highlight the salient clinical and imaging features for surgical planning, and provide a pictorial review of surgical correction and patient outcomes from an academic tertiary care center. Read More

Authors:  Brown Timothy , Fordham Lynn , Mclean Sean , Guimaraes Carolina , Pryor William

Keywords:  Chest Wall, 3D Images

Johansen Andrew,  Lee Jacob,  Robinson Amie,  Chan Sherwin

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-045

Foreign body (FB) ingestion can be a life threatening event for pediatric patients. The imaging for suspected FB is an esophagram. This procedure requires radiologist involvement, patient cooperation and has a higher dose of radiation than chest digital tomosynthesis (DTS). We want to describe usage of DTS in the pediatric population to aid in detection of radiolucent esophageal FB. Read More

Authors:  Johansen Andrew , Lee Jacob , Robinson Amie , Chan Sherwin

Keywords:  Digital Chest Tomosynthesis, Esophageal Foreign Body, Esophagram

Machnitz Judit,  Son Jennifer,  Dunn Emily,  Bokhari Danial,  Spevak Melissa,  Tekes-brady Aylin

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-080

Sonography is well established, effective and radiation free imaging tool in pediatric chest conditions, primarily and widely used for evaluation of pleural effusions and assessment of chest wall abnormalities. Beyond that, it can also provide valuable information in evaluation of congenital abnormalities, anatomical variations, infectious process and malignancies in the chest. Read More

Authors:  Machnitz Judit , Son Jennifer , Dunn Emily , Bokhari Danial , Spevak Melissa , Tekes-brady Aylin

Keywords:  chest ultrasound, under utilization, radiation free

Colucci Philip,  Cohen Sara,  Baad Michael,  Pomeranz Christy,  Collins Lee,  Kovanlikaya Arzu

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-037

A palpable finding along the chest wall is a frequent indication for pediatric ultrasound. Accurate identification of benign lesions can reassure families and appropriately triage patients who need follow-up, cross sectional imaging, or biopsy. The purpose of this exhibit is to review chest wall anatomy, illustrate ultrasound techniques, and discuss key ultrasound imaging features of common benign lesions and normal variants. Cases will include but are not limited to: accessory breast tissue, gynecomastia, sternalis muscle, angulated costal cartilage, rib fracture, chondral injury, ganglion cyst arising from the sternoclavicular joint, osteochondroma, neurofibroma, lipoma, myofibroma, pilomatrixoma, dermoid and epidermoid cysts, fibrous hamartoma of infancy, hemangioma, lymphatic malformation, and abscess. Each case will include the clinical presentation of the patient, classic ultrasound imaging features, and subsequent management. Read More

Authors:  Colucci Philip , Cohen Sara , Baad Michael , Pomeranz Christy , Collins Lee , Kovanlikaya Arzu

Keywords:  chest wall, ultrasound, pediatric

Kumar Soryan,  Sollee John,  Choi Una,  Lin Cheng Ting,  Bai Harrison,  Jiao Zhicheng

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-037

The purpose of this study is to develop a deep learning algorithm for detecting COVID-19 in chest x-rays of pediatric patients. Read More

Authors:  Kumar Soryan , Sollee John , Choi Una , Lin Cheng Ting , Bai Harrison , Jiao Zhicheng

Keywords:  AI, X-Ray, Chest

Ferreira Da Silva Renato,  Nagpal Prashant,  Priya Sarv,  Sato T Shawn,  Sato Yutaka

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-101

Interpretation of chest radiographs requires a good understanding of anatomy, the physiology of the lungs and cardiovascular system as well as good pattern recognition. Additionally, it requires a systematic approach to search for pathologies and pertinent clinical details for interpretation. With frequent use of CT / MRI, the residents (and even practicing radiologists) have become less skilled in the interpretation of chest x-rays, making one of the most commonly ordered exams the most challenging.
With challenges of decreasing radiation exposure (especially in pediatric population), it is important that the relatively lost skill set of chest radiographs interpretation be revisited, for trainees (radiology and non-radiology services) and the practitioners.

OUTLINE
● Historical perspective.
● Overall approach towards a chest x-ray and importance of clinical details.
● PA/AP and lateral radiograph anatomy and radiographic lines and stripes.
● Fleischer society standard terminology for radiographs.
● Radiographic appearance of abnormalities and pearls for differentiation. The abnormalities to be categorized as:
○ Pneumonia
○ Effusion
○ Atelectasis
○ Big heart
○ Pulmonary vascularity (plethora and oligemia)
○ Lucencies (Pneumo: thorax, mediastinum and cardia)
○ Masses Read More

Authors:  Ferreira Da Silva Renato , Nagpal Prashant , Priya Sarv , Sato T Shawn , Sato Yutaka

Keywords:  chest, radiograph, interpretation

Siegel Marilyn,  Ramirez Giraldo Juan Carlos

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 037

To develop diagnostic reference ranges (DRRs) for pediatric contrast-enhanced dual-energy CT (DECT) examinations as a function of patient size and radiation output of the CT scanner with comparison to conventional single energy CT (SECT). Read More

Authors:  Siegel Marilyn , Ramirez Giraldo Juan Carlos

Keywords:  Dual-Energy CT, Chest CT, Dose Reduction

Vijapura Charmi,  Kao Simon,  Amarneh Mohammad,  Sato Yutaka,  Sato T Shawn

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-014

1. Describe the variety of pathologies affecting the chest wall and breast in the pediatric male.
2. Explain the ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of pediatric chest well including breast masses.
3. Recognize pitfalls on ultrasound imaging in evaluation of male chest wall and breast.
4. Discuss follow up and management of these lesions. Read More

Authors:  Vijapura Charmi , Kao Simon , Amarneh Mohammad , Sato Yutaka , Sato T Shawn

Keywords:  Male Breast, Chest Wall, Ultrasound