Children and young adults can present with breast complaints in the emergency setting and ultrasound is typically the initial imaging modality of choice for work-up. While many sonographic findings are benign, there are rare presentations of indeterminate and suspicious masses. In these cases, radiologists and clinicians involved in these patient's care may be unfamiliar with the diagnosis and management of lesions that warrant follow-up with dedicated breast imagers. This study is designed to analyze the common characteristics of pediatric breast complaints from the emergency department and if follow-up care was recommended and pursued. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022

Authors: Nguyen Derek, Dunn Emily

Keywords: Emergency, Breast, Ultrasound

Children and young adults occasionally present with breast complaints in the emergency setting, typically with palpable abnormalities or pain. Ultrasound is the imaging of modality of choice in this setting due to its wide availability, resolution for superficial soft tissue structures, and lack of ionizing radiation. In this presentation, we review breast lesions seen in children and young adults undergoing sonographic evaluation in the emergency department at a tertiary pediatric hospital with the final diagnosis. The aim of this exhibit is to review pediatric breast anatomy and depict representative ultrasound imaging features of normal variants, benign lesions, and findings which should raise suspicion for malignancy. Cases will include but not limited to: premature glandular tissue, ductal ectasia, breast edema, breast cellulitis, breast abscess, periductal mastitis, complicated cyst, intraductal papilloma, fibroadenoma, phyllodes tumor, and breast cancer. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022

Authors: Nguyen Derek, Dunn Emily

Keywords: Emergency, Breast, Ultrasound

Sonography is well established, effective and radiation free imaging tool in pediatric chest conditions, primarily and widely used for evaluation of pleural effusions and assessment of chest wall abnormalities. Beyond that, it can also provide valuable information in evaluation of congenital abnormalities, anatomical variations, infectious process and malignancies in the chest. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Machnitz Judit, Son Jennifer, Dunn Emily, Bokhari Danial, Spevak Melissa, Tekes-brady Aylin

Keywords: chest ultrasound, under utilization, radiation free

‘E-cigarettes,’ also known as ‘vapes’, are handheld battery-powered devices which heat and deliver aerosolized liquid (usually containing nicotine) to the respiratory tract via inhalation. E-cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product amongst youth in the U.S. today. Over 1 in 4 U.S. teens report vaping in the past 30 days. Pod-based forms, such as JUUL, are especially popular with teens. These and other devices are also popular among adults. The contents of commercially available solutions, or e-liquids, are poorly regulated. Aerosol generated by the devices may contain varying levels of nicotine, flavorings (which are often toxic), heavy metals, ultrafine particles, volatile organic compounds, and other unknown materials. Moreover, users may add substances of their choice to the liquid, including marijuana or other THC-containing products. Short and long-term health effects associated with vaping are incompletely understood, likely in part due to heterogeneity of products, variable consumption amongst users, and the relatively recent introduction and popularization of these devices. Awareness of negative health effects associated with vaping is increasing. Exposure to highly addictive nicotine has effects on the developing brain, leading to ADHD-like symptoms and often lifelong addiction. Teen e-cigarette use has been associated with an increased risk of future conventional cigarette smoking. Over 1000 cases of acute vaping-associated lung injury in the U.S. have been reported to the CDC as of October, 1, 2019. There is increased recognition of lung injury with early studies identifying a number of imaging patterns of pulmonary disease in adults, including hypersensitivity pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, acute eosinophilic pneumonia, organizing pneumonia, lipoid pneumonia, and others. Radiologists should maintain a high index of suspicion for vaping-associated lung injury in the assessment of patients with respiratory distress and possible exposure. Recognition of imaging features of vaping-associated lung injury is especially important in children and young adults, who may not endorse a history of exposure. Identification of clinical and radiologic features associated with e-cigarette use can drive screening and cessation efforts. In this presentation, we present cases which highlight radiographic and CT imaging features of acute lung disease associated with e-cigarette use in children and young adults. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Dunn Emily, Bokhari Danial, Machnitz Judit, Facciola James, Lu Monica, Aoyama Brianna, Sadreameli S. Christy, Tekes-brady Aylin

Keywords: e-cigarette, vaping, lung injury