Foust Alexandra,  Voss Stephan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-030

PET/CT plays an important role in assessing response to therapy in patients undergoing treatment for Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL). A negative PET/CT following completion of chemotherapy has a high negative predictive value (>95%) for disease progression, relapse, or recurrence. Thus treatment decisions, including the decision to pursue radiation therapy or to alter chemotherapy regimens, are often made based on PET/CT results. Given the treatment implications, obtaining accurate PET/CT results is of the utmost importance. Read More

Authors:  Foust Alexandra , Voss Stephan

Keywords:  Abnormal FDG uptake in white fat, gluconeogenesis, Hodgkin lymphoma therapy implications

Golden Eleza,  Simoneaux Stephen,  Dickson Paula

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-049

To describe the radiographic appearance of subclinical calcified brown fat necrosis and to delineate the associated clinical and laboratory findings. While brown fat necrosis has been described in infants with underlying cardiac disease treated with prostaglandins, we emphasize hypotension from cardiac or respiratory arrest as a primary risk factor. Read More

Authors:  Golden Eleza , Simoneaux Stephen , Dickson Paula

Keywords:  fat necrosis, soft tissue calcification, congenital heart disease

Thiessen Jaclyn,  Moore Ryan,  Schmitz Kelli,  Vajtai Petra,  Hopkins Katharine

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-076

Fat, like any other organ or tissue, can cause both disease and symptomatology. In the pediatric abdomen and pelvis, fat may be involved by a number of conditions, ranging from symptomatic to occult, self-limited to progressive, benign to malignant. This is a review of multimodality cross-sectional imaging findings associated with abdominopelvic fat pathology in children. Read More

Authors:  Thiessen Jaclyn , Moore Ryan , Schmitz Kelli , Vajtai Petra , Hopkins Katharine

Keywords:  Pathological fat, ultrasound, pediatrics, CT, MRI

Gorbea Andres,  Biaggi Maria,  Wyers Mary,  Krauss Jillian,  Moum Sarah

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-053

Fat is a normal part of the human body, though can also be present in a variety of pathologic conditions. It is important to understand its physiologic distribution at various ages and appearance on multimodality imaging exams during growth. In addition, recognizing the presence of fat in tumors, in abnormal locations of the body, or in syndromic conditions is helpful in generating an accurate diagnosis. The purpose of this exhibit is to review the normal appearance and distribution of fat on ultrasound, CT, and MRI during different stages of development and to help the learner improve their knowledge and confidence when reporting cases concerning abnormalities of fat. Read More

Authors:  Gorbea Andres , Biaggi Maria , Wyers Mary , Krauss Jillian , Moum Sarah

Keywords:  Fat, MRI, CT

Dance Logan,  Keehn Brian,  Patel Mittun,  Pokorney Amber,  Peterson Michael,  Aria David,  Barnes Craig,  Bailey Smita

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-034

3D mDIXON Gradient Echo (GRE) technical superiority has already been established: improved fat saturation, faster acquisition time, high spatial resolution, and volumetric data acquisition allowing for a comprehensive multiplanar and 3D post-contrast evaluation of vessels and soft tissue lesions. Vascular malformation imaging requires large field of view images that can adversely affect fat saturation, is frequently performed with a non-sedated patient resulting in motion artifact, and requires higher spatial resolution to better characterize a lesion and evaluate lesion extent. Additionally the interventional radiologists at our institution prefer 3D post-contrast imaging to assist in treatment planning. We believe that this sequence is well suited for vascular malformation MRI imaging. The primary purpose is to illustrate the clinical utility and superior image quality of the 3D mDIXON GRE sequence over more conventional mDIXON TSE sequence through a series of cases of a variety of vascular malformations in different body regions. The secondary purpose of this presentation is to validate the clinical superiority of this sequence through a blinded reviewer comparison to the more conventional mDIXON TSE sequence. Read More

Authors:  Dance Logan , Keehn Brian , Patel Mittun , Pokorney Amber , Peterson Michael , Aria David , Barnes Craig , Bailey Smita

Keywords:  vascular malformation, MRI, water fat imaging

Fenlon Edward,  Jaramillo Diego,  Restrepo Ricardo,  Corral Gonzalo

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-008

Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn (SCFN) is an uncommon disorder predominantly occurring in full-term and post-term neonates during the first 6 weeks of life. Clinically it presents as an area of edema followed by indurated plaques or non-tender and mobile nodules with overlying erythema, typically along the back, buttocks, extremities, or cheeks. SCFN may result from localized tissue hypoxia and mechanical pressure that further compromises the local circulation. Fetal and neonatal conditions including macrosomia, perinatal asphyxia, traumatic birth and therapeutic hypothermia; and several maternal conditions including preeclampsia, hypertension, gestational diabetes, cocaine or cigarette exposure, calcium channel blocker use during pregnancy, and familial dyslipidemia have been associated with SCFN. Although SCFN is a self-limiting condition, patients should be monitored for associated hypercalcemia and its complications such as nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis.

As these lesions are superficial, they are well evaluated with high resolution ultrasound imaging for initial assessment and follow-up. Findings on ultrasound and MRI include lesions confined to the subcutaneous fat sparing the dermis, with indistinct borders lacking a distinct mass. Lesions of SCFN are echogenic on US, intermediate to low signal intensity on T1-weighted sequences, intermediate to high signal on fluid sensitive sequences, and may demonstrate cystic changes.

We will review the imaging findings of subcutaneous fat necrosis in over ten newborns collected from three tertiary care hospitals, with a focus on ultrasound findings. Many of the lesions were multifocal and the majority involved the patient's back. Ultrasound evaluation was performed in all cases. MRI performed in a minority of cases will also be reviewed. While only one case was biopsied for pathologic correlation, each lesion was closely followed clinically. We will also review several mimickers of fat necrosis to be aware of. Read More

Authors:  Fenlon Edward , Jaramillo Diego , Restrepo Ricardo , Corral Gonzalo

Keywords:  Ultrasound, Fat, Necrosis

Samet Jonathan,  Schafernak Kristian,  Arva Nicoleta,  Deng Jie

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-049

MRI interpretation of pediatric bone marrow is a challenging task due to the highly variable appearance. The bone marrow composition, especially the cellularity, changes with age, benign and malignant hematologic conditions, medications, among other etiologies. Detection of a marrow replacement process on MRI can be missed even by experienced radiologists. Normal hematopoietic bone marrow from birth to 9 years ranges from 20-40% fat (inversely related to cellularity). In malignant marrow replacement processes such as leukemia, bone marrow is highly cellular and fat percentage is low. Currently, no technique is routinely used in clinical practice to quantify bone marrow fat percentage on MRI. Read More

Authors:  Samet Jonathan , Schafernak Kristian , Arva Nicoleta , Deng Jie

Keywords:  Bone Marrow, Fat fraction, leukemia