The objective for a low dose imaging protocol was to eliminate patient risks and to reduce radiation doses. Tube placements are confirmed via imaging thereby avoiding utilization of malpositioned tubes. Reduced technical parameters lessen the absorbed skin dose. A limited field of view which includes distal espohagus and airway allows accurate assessment of feeding tube position. The new region of interest eliminates unnecessary exposure to hypersensitive organs including, thyroid and reproductive structures. This coned down view requires a lower image quality thereby allowing a lower dose approach. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2018 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2018

Authors: Flowers Colleen, Kaplan Summer, Zhu Xiaowei

Keywords: Low Dose Protocol, Feeding tube confirmation

Although ultrasound has advantages for bowel assessment in infants, the majority of bowel evaluation still takes place by radiograph. Although radiographic signs of advanced necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) have been well documented, there is poor understanding of gas patterns in less severe NEC or other causes of feeding intolerance. Progressively abnormal appearance of gas patterns in NEC has been described, but it is unclear what role a gastric sump plays. Because a sump decompresses bowel and changes the gas pattern, its role in the progression of abnormal bowel gas patterns warrants attention. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2018 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2018

Authors: Durand Rachelle, Francavilla Michael, Edgar Christopher, Maya Carolina, Kaplan Summer

Keywords: necrotizing enterocolitis, NEC, bowel

Background: Dual source dual-energy CT scanners (DECT) has allowed for the collection of two data sets with a single scan, opening the potential for functional data acquisition. The technique combines two energy beams at distinct voltages applied concurrently during a single scanning phase. The source data can be combined to generate a single mixed composite image, or iodine can be subtracted to create a contrast map or a virtual non-contrast image. The result is functional information in the setting of decreased radiation dose when replacing a biphasic scan, or dose neutral when compared to conventional single source CT. Post processing lung perfusion software allows for imaging display (qualification) and quantification of iodinated contrast volumes in the lungs, a surrogate for lung perfusion. Purpose: This educational exhibit will demonstrate: 1. How to perform DECT in children, 2. How to use postprocessing software, and 3. How to interpret lung perfusion results through clinical examples of current pediatric clinical indications including pulmonary embolism, lung hypoplasia, pulmonary AV malformation, and pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion: Through this exhibit, readers will gain familiarity with technical aspects of DECT of the lungs in children, understand the basics of post processing and recognize focal or regional perfusion defects, segmented perfusion analysis, and focal lesion perfusion characteristics as well as identify future applications. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2018 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2018

Authors: Rapp Jordan, Saul David, Kaplan Summer, Barrera Christian, Otero Hansel

Keywords: dual energy, thoracic, perfusion

To investigate magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features of sacroiliac joint infections in children with respect to age and with clinical correlation. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2019 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2019

Authors: Cohen Sara, Biko David, Kaplan Summer, Barrera Christian, Serai Suraj, Nguyen Jie

Keywords: sacroiliitis

Neonates with prolonged hospitalization often require PICCs. The concern for PICC-related complications, including venous thrombosis, infection, catheter migration and breakage, often prompts Doppler ultrasound (US) evaluation. However, peri-catheter thrombus in a neonate can be challenging to evaluate, as the accessed peripheral veins in neonates are small, some less than 1mm in luminal diameter. Small-bore catheters may occupy the entirety of the vessel lumen, which can produce absence of peri-catheter flow, which is confounding for thrombus. This distinction has implications for hematologic management. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Durand Rachelle, Acord Michael, Srinivasan Abhay, Krishnamurthy Ganesh, Saade-lemus Sandra, Cahill Anne Marie, Kaplan Summer

Keywords: PICC, Thrombosis, Neonate

Effective triage and timely communication are critical for optimal patient care. MSK diagnoses that are considered emergent (requiring immediate attention), urgent (warranting attention sooner), and non-urgent (necessitating follow-up) are not yet defined. The purposes of this project are 1) to define the clinical importance of MSK diagnoses and the preferred communication methods, and 2) to investigate differences between subspecialties and between those with different years in practice. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2020 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2020

Authors: Patel Maya, Nguyen Jie, Gaballah Marian, Arkader Alexandre, Lawrence John, Kaplan Summer, Johnson Ann, Grady Matthew, Sze Raymond, Talwar Divya

Keywords: communication