Pena Trujillo Valeria,  Alkhadrawi Adham,  Gallo Sebastian,  Langarica Saul,  Jaimes Camilo,  Gee Michael,  Do Synho,  Victoria Teresa

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-001

To develop an AI-based automatic tool for Amniotic fluid volume (AFV) and fetal weight (FW) quantification that easily integrates into everyday diagnostic workflow Read More

Authors:  Pena Trujillo Valeria , Alkhadrawi Adham , Gallo Sebastian , Langarica Saul , Jaimes Camilo , Gee Michael , Do Synho , Victoria Teresa

Keywords:  Fetal MRI, Artificial Intelligence, Diagnostic

Sultan Laith,  Morales-tisnés Tatiana,  Rouet Laurence,  Jago James,  Sridharan Anush,  Otero Hansel,  Darge Kassa,  Back Susan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-016

Pediatric kidney abnormalities, such as urinary tract dilation (UTD), are common, and current reporting methods vary significantly. There's a need for more precise evaluation methods. Using automated 3D kidney volume measurements from ultrasound (US) offers an alterantive objective approach. Our aim is to evaluate the diagnostic potential of automated 3D kidney volume measurements for detecting and categorizing UTD, comparing their accuracy with clinical assessment. Read More

Authors:  Sultan Laith , Morales-tisnés Tatiana , Rouet Laurence , Jago James , Sridharan Anush , Otero Hansel , Darge Kassa , Back Susan

Keywords:  Urinary tract dilation, 3D ultrasound, Diagnostic model

Jin Annie,  Bao Shashan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-015

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a common pediatric soft tissue cancer with about 31% of cases in the urinary tract and 25% of cases in the head and neck. Although rhabdomyosarcomas are common, primary intrahepatic rhabdomyosarcomas are very rare and have a poor prognosis. In fact, there have only been 20 reported cases from 1956 through 2017, and the mean survival time of 9.25 months.

A 3-year-old male with a history of constipation presented with a 3-days of low-grade fevers of 99-100 F, periumbilical pain, and anorexia. On physical exam, there was a palpable, tender RUQ mass. Labs showed an elevated ALT of 159, AST of 179, and alkaline phosphatase of 748. A radiograph of the abdomen showed a soft tissue opacity in the right upper quadrant which displaced the large and small bowel loops. Further imaging included an ultrasound, CT, and MRI. The ultrasound confirmed a large mostly solid mass in the right hepatic lobe. CT imaging showed a large heterogeneous liver mass measuring 10.5 x 10.0 x 14.0 cm. The mass extended superiorly to the dome of the liver, involved the caudate lobe, and compressed the IVC. An indeterminate lucency of the right femoral neck was also noted. A follow up MRI showed that the liver mass displaced the hepatic veins, main portal vein and right portal vein. Additionally, innumerable lesions were found on the axial skeleton and periportal lymphadenopathy was seen suggesting metastasis. PET scan further confirmed bony metastasis of the right femur. Initially, hepatoblastoma was highest on the differential. However, liver wedge biopsy showed myxoid spindle cell areas and small round blue cell areas. These findings favored the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma as opposed to hepatoblastoma which would have had an epithelial component. Bone marrow biopsy further confirmed metastasis. As a result of this diagnosis, the patient was started on vincristine, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide. Pain was controlled with morphine and acetaminophen. Nausea was controlled with Ativan, Zofran, Reglan, and Benadryl. The patient’s abdominal distension and constipation responded well to a stool regimen and multiple enemas. The patient was discharged in stable condition with oncology follow up.

Hepatic rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare malignancy, and early diagnosis and treatment has been beneficial in prolongation of mean survival time. Diagnostic imaging modalities and pathology findings are an essential part of the work up and can be used to guide the treatment and management. Read More

Authors:  Jin Annie , Bao Shashan

Keywords:  Hepatic Rhabdomyosarcoma, Spindle Cell, Diagnostic Imaging

Hull Nathan,  Frush Don,  Strauss Keith,  Vock Peter

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-006

Pediatric body CT is an invaluable imaging tool. There is increasing focus to manage and monitor radiation dose estimations from CT, especially in children. One approach, set forth by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (IRCP) is the establishment of diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). Consensus DRLs have recently been established for body CT in Canada, and are in the final stages in Europe (Diagnostic Reference Levels for Pediatric Imaging-PiDRL), but not in the US. Region-specific determinations (which may vary) are worth assessing. The purpose of this study was two-fold: to define what exists in literature for US pediatric body CT DRLs, and to define what metrics should be considered for inclusion in DRL determination. Read More

Authors:  Hull Nathan , Frush Don , Strauss Keith , Vock Peter

Keywords:  Diagnostic Reference Levels, Body CT, SSDE

Matos Rojas Irma,  Lazarte Claudia,  Katekaru Tokeshi Doris,  Ugas Carlos,  Valdez Quintana Melissa,  Casamayor Alvina

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-13 (R)

Significant progress in improving outcome for patients with oncohematological diseases are attributed to intensive chemotherapy, bone marrow transplantation, platelet transfusions, development of new imaging techniques, new antimicrobials and others. All these advances increase the survival of these patients which in turn increases the frequent of risk of infections that are substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients.
The purpose of this exhibit is to show the spectrum of infections in these patients; describe the imaging finding according to the etiology and associated factors.

There are a number of factors that need to be considered in order to interpret abnormalities seen on radiology as the type of hematological disease, stage of the hematological disease, treatment phase, profile of immunodeficiency, treatment for infection received, patient history and clinical signs. For example, according to type of immunosuppression there are different spectrum of infections but leukemia affect all types of immunosuppression that include neutropenia, T cell defect and B cell defect. Read More

Authors:  Matos Rojas Irma , Lazarte Claudia , Katekaru Tokeshi Doris , Ugas Carlos , Valdez Quintana Melissa , Casamayor Alvina

Keywords:  infections, Hematologic malignancy, Pediatric, diagnostic accuracy, aplastic anemia

Katirtzidou Eirini,  Laurent Meryle,  Habre Celine,  Toso Seema

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-019

Ovarian masses are the most common tumours in paediatric population. Although there is data available on imaging characteristics of different types of masses, benign and malignant, there is no standard imaging classification system. The Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Ultrasound (O-RADS) classification system currently used for adults, has not been extensively applied and tested in children and adolescents. Read More

Authors:  Katirtzidou Eirini , Laurent Meryle , Habre Celine , Toso Seema

Keywords:  ovarian mass, O-RADS, diagnostic accuracy

Dawani Anuradha,  Jagani Sumit

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-018

Bezoars are an uncommon cause of small bowel obstruction (SBO) in children. Trichobezoars are typically seen in adolescent girls who swallow their hair. Lactobezoars are another unusual cause of intestinal obstruction in neonates/infants. Phytobezoars, foreign body bezoars and pharmacobezoars are other types of bezoars. CT is a useful tool in diagnosing the cause of SBO, however, SBO caused by bezoars may not be detected on a CT exam as it presents as faeces like material proximal to the transition point. Ultrasound (US) can help differentiate a bezoar from faeces. The diagnostic signs of a bezoar on US include an echogenic, arc-like surfaced intraluminal mass, strong posterior acoustic shadowing and twinkling artefacts from the front of the mass resulting from the rough hard surface and high acoustic impedance differences within the internal structure of a bezoar. These features are not seen with faecal material.

We present two cases of bezoar induced SBO. The first case was a small intestinal trichobezoar in an 11 year old female child who presented with abdominal pain and bilious vomiting since 4 days. US demonstrated dilated small bowel with classic appearances of a bezoar in distal ileum. CT was not done in this instance and patient underwent surgery based on US findings. Same patient was also shown to have a large gastric bezoar on further endoscopic and ultrasound evaluation. Second case was a lactobezoar in a 9 month old infant that presented with copious bilious aspirates in NG tube, post difficult hernia reduction. CT demonstrated acute SBO with transition point at IC junction and faeces like intraluminal material proximal to it. US again showed characteristic appearances of a bezoar thus clinching the diagnosis. First patient underwent extraction via enterotomy and the second patient was treated with fragmentation and milking out.

Our cases highlight following learning points: 1. US shows characteristic appearances and improves diagnostic accuracy in conjunction with CT thus helping radiologists to quickly and easily diagnose bezoar. US can also suffice as first line and only imaging investigation needed. 2. Lactobezoar should be kept as a differential for SBO in neonates/infants. 3. In cases of intestinal bezoars, possibility of further proximal/gastric bezoars must be explored. Read More

Authors:  Dawani Anuradha , Jagani Sumit

Keywords:  Abdominal Ultrasound, Bezoar, Diagnostic Accuracy

Mansfield Kori,  Rana Abhilasha,  Radder Shrinivas,  Razzaq Sania,  Charles Glasier,  Murphy Janice,  Jayappa Sateesh,  Ramakrishnaiah Raghu

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-064

Introduction: Radiology residents typically receive limited exposure to dental radiology during their training. However, they frequently encounter dental pathologies while scanning the brain or maxillofacial regions for other clinical purposes. Understanding basic principles of dental radiology is essential for accurately assessing maxillo-facial computed topography (CT) scans, as these pathologies can go under-recognized and potentially have significant impact on diagnosis and treatment. Purpose: This study aims to highlight the importance of dental radiology knowledge for radiology residents and fellows. By recognizing dental pathologies in imaging studies, radiologists can contribute to better management and care of pediatric patients. Discussion: This will be a pictorial educational exhibit obtaining cases from the teaching database at a pediatric tertiary care hospital. We will present cases in a pictorial format, primarily focusing on conventional CT, orthopantomograms (OPG), and cone-beam computed topography (CBCT). The discussion will cover various dental pathologies encountered, including: Impacted Dental Prosthesis: Leading to maleruption of the teeth, a dentist’s perspective; Prosthesis Malfunction: Identifying signs of failure and the implications for patient care; Post-Maxillofacial Surgery Complications: Examining alterations due to mechanical stress on the mandible, leading to exostosis and other lesions; Dental issues in Syndromes affecting the Faciocranium: Dental issues in well-known syndromes such as Pierre Robin, hemifacial microsomia, Goldenhar syndrome, etcetera; Unexpected Findings: Perforation of the mandibular fossa into the middle cranial fossa as a sequalae of juvenile inflammatory arthritis and trauma. Read More

Authors:  Mansfield Kori , Rana Abhilasha , Radder Shrinivas , Razzaq Sania , Charles Glasier , Murphy Janice , Jayappa Sateesh , Ramakrishnaiah Raghu

Keywords:  Computed Tomography, Neuroradiology, Diagnostic Accuracy

Patel Khushbu,  Sher Andrew,  Kan J.

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-041

Ingested foreign bodies (FB) are frequently encountered in the pediatric population, whether accidental or deliberate and may lodge in the airways or esophagus. Metallic FB (e.g., coins, button batteries, magnets) are radio-opaque and easily detected on radiographs, conversely non-metallic objects (e.g., plastic toys, food) are radiolucent and often require CT, leading to diagnostic delays. The purpose of this study is to assess sensitivity for chest radiography and chest CT for endoscopically proven airway and esophageal food and non-food FBs. Read More

Authors:  Patel Khushbu , Sher Andrew , Kan J.

Keywords:  Foreign Body Ingestion, Approach, Diagnostic