The growing skeleton has a radiographically different appearance from an adult’s until late adolescence when the physes fuse. If unfamiliar with recognizing these differences on a radiograph, it is common for normal variants to be misinterpreted as fractures and referred to subspecialty orthopedic care. The arising consequences are avoidable; however, to educate caregivers providing interpretations of pediatric orthopedic radiographs we must first understand why and how often these misinterpretations occur. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2023 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2023

Authors: Hutt Airyn, Shaffer Laura, Chandra Tushar, Hayes Laura

Keywords: Radiography, Normal Variants, Misinterpretations

Ultrasound continues to be the first line modality for evaluation of spinal disorders in neonates and young children. The developing osseous anatomy of the spine in young infants provides a unique window allowing for a detailed depiction of the spinal canal and its contents. This exhibit will review the clinical indications, sonographic technique, normal anatomy, frequently encountered variants and pathology for imaging of the lumbosacral spine in neonates and young infants. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2022 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2022

Authors: Gupta Kanika, Becker Jennifer, Chandra Tushar, Udayasankar Unni

Keywords: Pediatric, Spinal Cord, Tethered cord

Neural tube defects affect approximately 1/1000 pregnancies; left untreated these defects may lead to devastating consequences. The purpose of this presentation is to: 1) familiarize the reader with the normal anatomy seen on neonatal spine ultrasound, 2) describe normal variants often encountered on spine ultrasound, 3) provide an illustrated summary of spine embryology, and 4) discuss the various pathologies/disorders that may occur during each phase of spine embryology. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2023 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2023

Authors: Meyer Dustin, Chandra Tushar, Hayes Laura, Neville Kucera Jennifer

Keywords: Spine, Embryology, Ultrasound

Our educational poster highlights the essential role of child life specialists in pediatric radiology and their impact on patient care, procedural success, and overall departmental efficiency. Through case-based examples and practical workflow integration strategies, the presentation demonstrates how child life interventions reduce patient anxiety, improve cooperation for successful exams, can help with cost saving measures for the department, and minimize the need for sedation during imaging procedures. Emphasis is placed on communication, environmental modification, and age-appropriate coping strategies that optimize the radiology experience for children and their families. Our poster also highlights the collaboration between technologists, radiologists, and child life specialists in creating a supportive, patient-centered imaging environment. We aim to educate radiology professionals on the vital psychosocial support role of child life specialists and demonstrate how their presence and practices contribute to a more compassionate, efficient, and safe pediatric imaging environment. Educational Objectives: After reviewing our presentation, participants will be able to: Describe the core responsibilities and techniques used by child life specialists in pediatric radiology. Identify common imaging procedures where child life involvement has the greatest impact on patient outcomes. Explain evidence-based benefits of child life interventions in reducing sedation rates, procedure times, and patient distress. Recognize opportunities for collaboration between radiology staff and child life services to enhance the patient and family experience. Implement practical strategies to integrate child life principles into daily radiology workflows, even in departments without dedicated specialists. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2026 Annual Meeting , 2026

Authors: Rivera Leida, Tolland Marlena, Leyva Gloria, Chandra Tushar, Kucera Jennifer

Keywords: Approach, Child Life, Patient Care

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is an uncommon cerebrovascular disease that is characterized by progressive stenosis of the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and its main branches, which is accompanied by the development of collateral vessels at the base of the brain. The purpose of this educational exhibit is to provide a succinct review of the imaging findings of MMD and its frequently associated complications, demonstrate the role of various imaging techniques in diagnosis and clinical decision making, and give an overview of surgical approaches and post operative appearances. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2017 Annual Meeting & Categorical Course , 2017

Authors: Patel Hanisha, Mayl Jonathan, Maheshwari Mohit, Mohan Suyash, Chandra Tushar

Keywords: Moyamoya, MR Angiogram, MR perfusion

Neonatal and perinatal infections pose diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific clinical presentations, necessitating prompt neuroimaging to guide management and predict outcomes. We aim to review the spectrum of imaging findings in congenital, perinatal, and postnatal infections affecting the central nervous system (CNS) in neonates. By illustrating characteristic patterns, we seek to establish a systematic approach for radiologists to narrow differentials, recognize complications, and facilitate multidisciplinary care. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2026 Annual Meeting , 2026

Authors: Gupta Kanika, Chandra Tushar, Bajaj Manish, Silva Gleidson, Kucera Jennifer

Keywords: Congenital Infection, Neonatal, Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRI

This education exhibit will provide a general review of radiographic techniques of the foot followed by a section identifying clinical and radiographic findings for specific foot deformities. Learning objectives for this exhibit include: (a) recognize the imaging needed for specific foot deformities, (b) measure critical angles from different radiographic views and interpret their meanings, (c) recognize radiographic identifying features for specific foot deformities, (d) identify what views are necessary when trying to differentiate between similar deformities, and (e) interpret post-operative/post-procedural imaging and recognize possible complications. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2019 Annual Meeting & Postgraduate Course , 2019

Authors: Wellings Elizabeth, Epelman Monica, Chandra Tushar, Malone Jason, Lovejoy John, Meyers Arthur

Keywords: Congenital, Foot Deformities

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory disorder primarily affecting children and adolescents. While CRMO typically involves the metaphyses of long bones, facial involvement, particularly of the mandible, represents an important but less recognized manifestation. This pictorial review aims to illustrate the imaging findings of facial involvement in CRMO across various modalities, including conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and nuclear medicine studies. We present characteristic imaging patterns, discuss the evolution of imaging findings throughout the disease course, and provide guidance on differentiating CRMO from mimicking conditions. Radiographically, mandibular CRMO typically presents with expansion, mixed lytic and sclerotic changes, and periosteal reaction. CT demonstrates the characteristic “bone-on-bone” appearance with cortical perforation, while MRI shows bone marrow edema with T2/STIR hyperintensity and adjacent soft tissue inflammation. Nuclear medicine studies reveal increased uptake in affected areas with relatively subtle blood pool phase activity. Recognition of these imaging patterns is crucial for early diagnosis, appropriate management, and monitoring of treatment response in patients with facial CRMO. Read More

Meeting name: SPR 2026 Annual Meeting , 2026

Authors: Silva Gleidson, Chaudhri Sukriti, Kucera Jennifer, Chandra Tushar, Bajaj Shalini, Bajaj Manish

Keywords: CRMO, Osteomyelitis, Bone