Goncalves Fabricio,  Khrichenko Dmitry,  Martin-saavedra Juan,  Alves Cesar Augusto,  Teixeira Sara,  Andronikou Savvas,  Vossough Arastoo

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 160

Accurate preoperative imaging diagnosis of supratentorial pediatric intraventricular tumors is not always straightforward. Conventional MRI features such as T1- and T2-weighted signal and contrast enhancement may overlap among various choroid plexus tumors and embryonal tumors. This study aimed to perform apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis, assessing various metrics in different intraventricular for histological classification. Read More

Authors:  Goncalves Fabricio , Khrichenko Dmitry , Martin-saavedra Juan , Alves Cesar Augusto , Teixeira Sara , Andronikou Savvas , Vossough Arastoo

Keywords:  Intranventricular tumors, ADC, Diffusion

Nyalakonda Ramyashree,  Muehe Anne,  Iles Benjamin,  Theruvath Ashok,  Siedek Florian,  Agarwal Vibhu,  Hawk Kristina,  Jeng Michael,  Daldrup-link Heike

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 148

To compare the detection of lesions between DW-MRI and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR for staging and restaging of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH), using all clinical outcomes and imaging data as the reference standard. Also, this study will compare the differences between LCH chemotherapy responders and non-responders. Read More

Authors:  Nyalakonda Ramyashree , Muehe Anne , Iles Benjamin , Theruvath Ashok , Siedek Florian , Agarwal Vibhu , Hawk Kristina , Jeng Michael , Daldrup-link Heike

Keywords:  Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Diffusion Weighted Imaging, 18F-FDG PET/MR

Basavalingu Deepashri,  Perez Francisco

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-019

Herein, we present a case series of children who underwent glial tumor resection with bioabsorbable plates used for craniotomy closure. On follow up MRI as part of tumor surveillance, restricted diffusion was observed in the scalp and extradural space that was initially concerning for tumor recurrence/ seeding. However, after correlation with CT, the sites of restricted diffusion corresponded closely to the sites of bioabsorable plate placement. On additional follow up imaging, the restricted diffusion resolved nearly completely in all patients. Based on literature search and histopathology, we concluded that aforementioned findings are related to delayed inflammatory reaction to the bioabsorbable plates. Read More

Authors:  Basavalingu Deepashri , Perez Francisco

Keywords:  Glioma, Diffusion, Craniotomy

Oros Joseph,  Moredock Elisabeth,  Parish David,  Pfeifer Cory

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-053

The goals of this educational exhibit are to: 1. Explain the basis for the cause of diffusion restriction on brain MRI in children. 2. Discuss the broad differential diagnosis for diffusion restriction in pediatric emergency neuroradiology. 3. Emphasize causes of diffusion restriction unrelated to vascular occlusive disease in the brain. 4. Describe patterns of diffusion restriction commonly encountered in post-ictal states and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Read More

Authors:  Oros Joseph , Moredock Elisabeth , Parish David , Pfeifer Cory

Keywords:  Diffusion Restriction, Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome, Seizure

Kim Hyun Gi

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-022

Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a common disorder of the musculoskeletal system in neonates and infants. Most CMT patients can be treated with stretching exercise but some patients with do not response to the treatment. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an emerging tool to measure and evaluate skeletal muscle injury. Our aim was to evaluate whether DTI has potential to show the difference in the affected muscle in CMT patients. Read More

Authors:  Kim Hyun Gi

Keywords:  Diffusion tensor imaging, Congenital muscular torticollis

Santos Laura,  Jaramillo Diego,  Raya José,  Jambawalikar Sachin,  Nguyen Jie,  Mostoufi-moab Sogol

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-053

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) depicts the anisotropic motion of water molecules limited by tissue microstructure. Images of tractography provide qualitative information about complex tissue architecture, so that diffusion metrics reflect physeal activity.
DTI’s main clinical application is on brain white matter, but it can be used in any tissue in which there is organized tissue structure. Our research group has used tractography of the knee to study the structure of the physis and adjacent metaphysis and investigated the potential of DTI metrics as biomarkers predictive of skeletal growth. DTI parameters include tract count, tract length and tract volume and fractional anisotropy (FA). They can help distinguish between a normal and a dysfunctional physis, predict post-imaging growth and physeal closure, and possibly determine response to growth hormone treatment.
We will demonstrate the techniques for data acquisition, preprocessing, and analysis, and the basis for interpretation, based on our experience of performing DTI in over 900 knees. Each step has its own challenges for the standardization and optimization of DTI of the physis. The goal of this poster is to showcase our experience with the establishment of an efficient DTI pipeline. We will: 1) Discuss the impact of variation of DTI acquisition parameters (e.g. Time to Echo (TE), number of directions, b-value, voxel size…); 2) Describe programs for distortion correction and denoising , as well as the required post-processing software programs; 3) Discuss approaches to standardize the acquisition in the different anatomic areas and cross vendors; 4) Discuss the normal change of tractography data and physeal DTI metrics with age, sex and specific knee physis. We will show how DTI changes due to physeal dysfunction in different pathologies, such as growth hormone deficiency, trauma, arthritis, metabolic disorders and chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Finally, we will show how DTI can be used to predict height gain and final height compared to conventional bone age-based methods and standard growth charts, which are inaccurate and not generalizable to the current child/adolescent population. Read More

Authors:  Santos Laura , Jaramillo Diego , Raya José , Jambawalikar Sachin , Nguyen Jie , Mostoufi-moab Sogol

Keywords:  magnetic resonance imaging, growth plate, diffusion tensor imaging

Weisel Scott,  Jones Richard,  Palasis Susan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-004 (R)

Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) of the spine is used to identify and characterize the spinal cord, and in particular diagnose drop metastases whose subtle appearance may cause them to be missed on conventional imaging. It has also proved useful for characterization of spinal cord lesions. Proper positioning and technique by the technologist are crucial in obtaining images suitable for an accurate assessment of disease. Read More

Authors:  Weisel Scott , Jones Richard , Palasis Susan

Keywords:  Diffusion, Spine, RESOLVE

Santos Laura,  Kammen Bamidele,  Sabharwal Sanjeev,  Kvist Ola,  Hitt Dave,  Jambawalikar Sachin,  Jaramillo Diego

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-019

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a technique in which diffusion of water molecules is restricted by cellular membranes. In the physis and adjacent metaphysis, the physeal metaphyseal complex (PMC), the columns of cartilage and newly formed bone restrict the diffusion of water to primarily the longitudinal direction. DTI indirectly measures physeal activity by revealing tissue microarchitecture of the PMC and by measuring the Brownian motion of water along the columns of bone and cartilage, which can be imaged and quantified as tractography. Having conducted DTI-MRI on over 900 knees, our research group has established that DTI can distinguish between a normal and a dysfunctional physis.
A physeal bar or partial physeal arrest is the consequence of injury to an open physis, resulting in a perpendicular bony bridge through the physis which can lead to limb shortening or angular deformity. This poster presents our initial experience in performing DTI on the growth plate in 7 patients (5 females, 2 males) with MR-confirmed physeal bars to characterize tractography patterns associated with bony bridges and compare the tracotgraphy and diffusion metrics of the injured versus the healthy contralateral physis. Read More

Authors:  Santos Laura , Kammen Bamidele , Sabharwal Sanjeev , Kvist Ola , Hitt Dave , Jambawalikar Sachin , Jaramillo Diego

Keywords:  diffusion tensor imaging, physeal bar, physeal injury

Jaimes Camilo,  Machado-rivas Fedel,  Velascoanis Clemente,  Khan Shadab,  Marami Baram,  Gholipour Ali

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 104

To explore tract-specific developmental changes with deterministic tractography in a population of typically developing fetuses. Read More

Authors:  Jaimes Camilo , Machado-rivas Fedel , Velascoanis Clemente , Khan Shadab , Marami Baram , Gholipour Ali

Keywords:  fetal, diffusion, tractography

Pace Erika,  De Souza Nandita

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 151

To establish the reproducibility of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurement in the bone marrow of the clivus and lumbosacral spine. Read More

Authors:  Pace Erika , De Souza Nandita

Keywords:  bone marrow, reproducibility, apparent diffusion coefficient

Aslan Mine,  Arioz Habibi Hatice,  Kalyoncu Ucar Ayse,  Ozmen Evrim,  Aslan Ahmet,  Bakan Selim,  Yildirim Onur,  Kurugoglu Sebuh,  Adaletli Ibrahim

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-021

The diagnosis of Wilms tumor and adrenal gland neuroblastoma can be challenging, even with imaging methods such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to show the utility of diffusion weighted MRI (DW-MRI) in the differentiation of neuroblastoma and Wilms tumor. Read More

Authors:  Aslan Mine , Arioz Habibi Hatice , Kalyoncu Ucar Ayse , Ozmen Evrim , Aslan Ahmet , Bakan Selim , Yildirim Onur , Kurugoglu Sebuh , Adaletli Ibrahim

Keywords:  Wilms tumour, Neuroblastoma, Diffusion weighted imaging, Apparent diffusion coefficient

Lakatos Andrea,  Kolossvary Marton,  Szabo Miklos,  Kiss Mate,  Gyebnar Gyula,  Bagyura Zsolt,  Kozak Lajos Rudolf

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-017

The radiology report is a tool to communicate information to the referring physician and record data for follow-up or research purposes. With structured reporting templates information becomes uniform, comprehensive and easily manageable. In collaboration with neonatologists and information technologists we developed a structured MRI reporting template for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Read More

Authors:  Lakatos Andrea , Kolossvary Marton , Szabo Miklos , Kiss Mate , Gyebnar Gyula , Bagyura Zsolt , Kozak Lajos Rudolf

Keywords:  Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Neonates, Magnetic resonance, Diffusion-weighted imaging, Structured reporting

Cecil Kim,  Ryan Patrick,  Beckwith Travis,  Altaye Mekibib,  Severs Rachel,  Wolfe Christopher,  Percy Zana,  Maloney Thomas,  Yolton Kimberly,  Lemasters Grace

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-049

Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP), a complex mixture of particulate matter, metals,
elemental and organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other constituents, is strongly associated with
cardiopulmonary health effects. Evidence suggests the developing brain may also be a target organ for these particles
due to translocation either from the respiratory system or through the olfactory nerve. Using an established pediatric
epidemiological cohort with extensive longitudinal exposure assessment since infancy, we tested the hypothesis that
exposure to TRAP during critical windows of brain development is significantly associated with changes in brain
structure and organization. Our imaging study design targeted recruitment of participants from the cohort with the
highest and lowest quartiles of exposure at time of birth. Read More

Authors:  Cecil Kim , Ryan Patrick , Beckwith Travis , Altaye Mekibib , Severs Rachel , Wolfe Christopher , Percy Zana , Maloney Thomas , Yolton Kimberly , Lemasters Grace

Keywords:  brain, air pollution, diffusion