Myers Ross,  Dietsche Eric,  Gnerre Jeffrey,  Lecompte Leslie,  Gilet Anthony

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-011

The pediatric population is not immune to the various types of cancer encountered by the adult population in terms of the organs and organ systems affected. Despite advances in treatments and detection, cancer is still the number 2 cause of death within the pediatric population. The types of tumors encountered in the younger population are often composed of more uniquely immature cellular lineages and only a small percentage have preventable causes. The goal of our single institution presentation is to provide the interested viewer with a comprehensive review of several uniquely encountered immature pediatric tumors. Our presentation will include imaging examples utilizing multiple modalities demonstrating examples of pancreaticoblastoma , immature lipoblastoma, neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, a case of biopsy confirmed small cell undifferentiated renal rhabdoid tumor, and a unique case of pleuropulmonary blastoma. Explanations pertaining to the key imaging features of each entity as reported in the literature will be provided to supplement the case examples from our institution. Read More

Authors:  Myers Ross , Dietsche Eric , Gnerre Jeffrey , Lecompte Leslie , Gilet Anthony

Keywords:  Oncology, Gastrointestinal, Thoracic

Sarma Asha,  Grant Frederick,  Kwatra Neha

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-087

Esophageal transit scintigraphy (ETS) complements anatomic imaging studies such as contrast esophagography for the evaluation of esophageal motility disorders. This noninvasive technique provides reliable and reproducible functional data that is useful in the evaluation of both primary and secondary esophageal motility disorders. This image-rich exhibit will provide an overview of this examination using representative examples of ETS studies in children, including technical considerations, imaging features in various disorders, and pitfalls in intepretation, with correlative fluoroscopic and/or CT images. Read More

Authors:  Sarma Asha , Grant Frederick , Kwatra Neha

Keywords:  Functional, Gastrointestinal, Nuclear medicine

Brahee Deborah,  Towbin Alexander

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-028

Pediatric pathology involving the jejunum is more common than one might initially expect. Early recognition of the important imaging characteristic, atypical findings, and useful imaging tools/techniques in the evaluation of jejunal pathology is important in prompt diagnosis and management of these patients.

In this educational exhibit we will present a series of cases involving pathology of the jejunum encountered in the pediatric population. We will focus on important pathologies affecting a difficult to image and sometimes forgotten portion of the intestine.

A range of acute, emergent and post-surgical cases are presented. Using an interactive, quiz based approach we will discuss the following pediatric pathologies that may affect the jejunum of pediatric patients from neonates to teenagers with multimodality imaging and pathologic examples:
Atresia
Meconium plug syndrome
Pneumatosis
Enteritis
Foreign body
Small bowel intussusception
Lymphoma
Ischemia/shock
Hernia
Graft versus host disease
Trauma
Vasculitis Read More

Authors:  Brahee Deborah , Towbin Alexander

Keywords:  Gastrointestinal, Pediatric, Imaging

Martin Camden,  Cassella Katharyn,  Johnstone Lindsey,  Leschied Jessica

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-028

Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are a heterogenous group of congenital anomalies involving the distal rectum and anus that are often associated with other anomalies. Neonates with ARMs may be identified at birth or prenatally and, upon delivery, receive a myriad of imaging tests to characterize the type of ARM and associated anomalies. Recent literature supports the use of transperineal ultrasound in the initial assessment of neonates with ARMs, with the Society of Pediatric Radiology recommending its use in the imaging algorithm for ARMs. Transperineal ultrasound, if adequately performed, allows evaluation of the location of the distal rectal pouch and the anatomy and location of any rectourogenital fistulas. In this educational poster, we review the clinical presentation and classification ARMs and discuss the role of transperineal ultrasound in the initial assessment of cases. We then describe common sonographic findings of ARMs on transperineal ultrasound using examples from our own institution. Our goal is to familiarize pediatric radiologists with this heterogenous group of congenital anomalies and the clinical utility of transperineal ultrasound in characterizing this pathology. Read More

Authors:  Martin Camden , Cassella Katharyn , Johnstone Lindsey , Leschied Jessica

Keywords:  Gastrointestinal, Anorectal, Ultrasound

Uricchio Joseph,  Sharma Priya,  Rajderkar Dhanashree

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-023

In this educational exhibit we will present a series of gastrointestinal (GI) emergencies encountered in the neonatal period. We will focus on typical presentations but will also include atypical cases and discuss multi-modality approach to imaging these patients.
Read More

Authors:  Uricchio Joseph , Sharma Priya , Rajderkar Dhanashree

Keywords:  NICU, Emergency, Gastrointestinal

Cielma Tara,  Durfee Teela,  Bulas Dorothy,  Loomis Judyta,  Adeyiga Adebunmi,  Bandarkar Anjum

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-003 (T)

Bowel ultrasound is a critical component of gastrointestinal evaluation. Serial examination allows real-time assessment of disease progression or improvement, and assists the clinician in therapeutic decision making and clinical management.

The goals of this exhibit are:
1. Describe the technical approach of performing bowel ultrasound.
2. Review tips, and up to date technology that assist in optimizing studies.
3. Discuss sonographic appearance of various pathologies.
4. Review future potential techniques and applications including utility of Doppler flow and contrast enhanced ultrasound. Read More

Authors:  Cielma Tara , Durfee Teela , Bulas Dorothy , Loomis Judyta , Adeyiga Adebunmi , Bandarkar Anjum

Keywords:  gastrointestinal disorder, inflammatory bowel disease, bowel

Close Orrie,  Squires Judy

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-097

There are numerous congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract with varying frequency. Some anomalies are life-threatening and require prompt diagnosis with immediate treatment. Evaluation of patients with these anomalies can be complex, sometimes requiring multiple imaging modalities for accurate diagnoses and timely treatment. It is therefore essential for radiologists to have a firm understanding of specific imaging features. The purpose of this exhibit is to review common and uncommon congenital anomalies of the gastrointestinal tract, including clinical and imaging features as well as treatment options. Read More

Authors:  Close Orrie , Squires Judy

Keywords:  congenital, gastrointestinal, malformations

Gale Heather,  Gee Michael,  Westra Sjirk,  Lee Edward,  Nimkin Katherine

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-056

To review up-to-date imaging techniques, normal sonographic anatomy, and characteristic sonographic features of disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract in children. Read More

Authors:  Gale Heather , Gee Michael , Westra Sjirk , Lee Edward , Nimkin Katherine

Keywords:  Gastrointestinal, Ultrasound

Carmona Daniela,  Erripa Jose,  Lostra Juliana,  Rizzi Ana,  Dardanelli Esteban,  Moguillanky Slvia,  Lipsich Jose

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-017

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in children are not well characterized, different adult rare entity. It corresponds to a heterogeneous group of lesions for correct classification requires histological, immunohistochemical evaluation and in some cases also adds to the cytogenetic diagnosis. We describe the findings of pediatric GIST. Read More

Authors:  Carmona Daniela , Erripa Jose , Lostra Juliana , Rizzi Ana , Dardanelli Esteban , Moguillanky Slvia , Lipsich Jose

Keywords:  gastrointestinal stromal tumors, CD17 +, children, imaging

Al-busaidi Asya,  Al-shabibi Saud

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-025

During the past one year we encountered three previously healthy children ages 10,8 and 2 years respectively who presented with localized colicky abdominal pain of few days duration. All three patients had eosinophilia ,one of whom had an associated fever and a high white blood cell count. Firm tender masses were palpated in the right side of their abdomens.
Their abdominal ultrasounds showed well defined hypoechoic masses with central components of gaseous artefacts, indicating bowel loop involvement. Computed tomography then done, showed aneurysmal dilatation with mural circumferential thickening of the ascending colon. The affected bowel loops were attenuating, showed perilesional fat stranding and multiple mesenteric lymph nodes some of which showed signs of necrosis. Neoplastic and infectious causes were therefore entertained.
Gastrointestinal lymphoma would show such aneuryusmal dilatation with mural thickening. However 50% of these affects the ileo-caecal segment. Moreover, our patients did not exhibit any symptoms or laboratory findings suggestive of a malignant process.
The presence of necrotic lymph nodes geared towards tuberculosis. However, again this is most commonly seen in the ileocecal segment. Since the patients were not septic and had high eosinophil count, atypical infections were considered. Having come across some reported cases of basidobolomycosis from the Arabian peninsula we therefore put this diagnosis at the top of our differentials.
The patients underwent hemicolectomies and were all confirmed histologically to have characteristic features of basidobolomycosis. In retrospective review of the patients' files we did observe that they were all from the coastal region of Oman.
The main objectives of this report is to draw the attention that such rare fungal infections are not uncommon in our country and the region and to enlighten the importance of a broad systematic approach when considering the various aetiological causes of focal bowel thickening including rare diseases that may be endemic in certain areas.
Read More

Authors:  Al-busaidi Asya , Al-shabibi Saud

Keywords:  Gastrointestinal, Basidobolomycosis, Oman, Focal, Thickening

Yoon Braian (lucas),  Pomeranz Christy

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-030

Meckel’s diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the GI tract, with an occurrence rate of 2% in the general population. It is a true diverticulum caused from the persistence of the omphalomesenteric duct after the 6-8th week of gestation.

Although it is usually asymptomatic, there is a lifetime 4% risk for complications in patients up to the age of 20, with complication rates being higher in males than females. Among the possible complications are hemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, diverticulitis, perforation, and neoplasia. Knowledge of the radiological/clinical manifestation of a patient with Meckel’s diverticulum and its complications is of great importance for the radiologist as it can mimic other pathologies making its diagnosis a challenging one.

The purpose of this educational poster is to review and illustrate some of the imaging/clinical manifestations of some of the complications of Meckel’s diverticulum based on our experience at our hospital. Read More

Authors:  Yoon Braian (lucas) , Pomeranz Christy

Keywords:  Meckel's, Diverticulum, Gastrointestinal

Sharma Priya,  Rajderkar Dhanashree,  Schaiberger Gregory,  Batmunh Bayar,  Slater Roberta,  Mancuso Anthony

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 173

The purpose of this study is to identify how well radiology residents are able to diagnose gastrointestinal emergencies on ultrasound using a simulated emergency radiology call shift. Read More

Authors:  Sharma Priya , Rajderkar Dhanashree , Schaiberger Gregory , Batmunh Bayar , Slater Roberta , Mancuso Anthony

Keywords:  simulation, gastrointestinal, emergency

Coma Ana,  Enriquez Goya,  Garcia - Peña Pilar,  Barber Ignasi,  Castellote Amparo,  Carreno Joan Carles,  Vazquez Elida

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-020

To review common and uncommon congenital lesions affecting the lower gastrointestinal tract in children.
To illustrate the radiologic features of these conditions using various imaging techniques.
To provide tips to avoid potential diagnostic errors. Read More

Authors:  Coma Ana , Enriquez Goya , Garcia - Peña Pilar , Barber Ignasi , Castellote Amparo , Carreno Joan Carles , Vazquez Elida

Keywords:  gastrointestinal

Berger Jonathan,  Thomas Anna,  Teague Clint

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-052

* To present a rare case of rectosigmoid venous malformation in a 15-year old male patient without Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome.
* To review common syndromic and nonsyndromic causes of pediatric lower gastrointestinal bleeding with presentation of relevant imaging.
* To discuss the classic imaging features and various treatment options for colorectal venous malformations. Read More

Authors:  Berger Jonathan , Thomas Anna , Teague Clint

Keywords:  lower gastrointestinal bleeding, vascular malformations of the lower GI tract

Pan Patrick,  Roth Antoinette,  Chawla Soni

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-124

Acute abdomen is one of the most common presentations encountered in any pediatric emergency department. This educational exhibit refreshes reader with the most common causes of acute abdomen encountered in the pediatric population through a simple mnemonic (AIM)² which includes Appendicitis, Adhesions, Intussusception, Incarcerated inguinal hernia, Meckel’s diverticulum and Mal-rotation with midgut volvulus. Initial abdominal radiographs and confirmatory ultrasound and/or cross-sectional images including CT and MRI will be presented.
There will be emphasis on “Image Gently” principles in keeping with minimum radiation exposure to our most vulnerable pediatric population. The best use of available diagnostic modality with the least or no radiation is suggested for given pathologies and clinical scenarios in pediatric patients. Also, appropriateness criteria for the diagnostic studies will be reviewed in our exhibit.
Plain films may reveal an abnormal bowel gas pattern, which may suggest an underlying pathology. Use of ultrasound as part of the initial evaluation is advocated in many situations because it may be quickly performed at bedside and repeated as needed without harmful ionizing radiation. In certain cases, ultrasound examination may be confirmatory.
CT is best used when the initial tests are unrevealing, or when the patient is acutely deteriorating. CT has proven to save lives of children by allowing prompt and accurate evaluation. Minimizing radiation exposure while maintaining diagnostic accuracy remains an ongoing effort of the entire care team, including the radiologists, radiology technologists and the referring physicians. Read More

Authors:  Pan Patrick , Roth Antoinette , Chawla Soni

Keywords:  Gastrointestinal, ALARA

Venkatakrishna Shyam Sunder,  Elsingergy Mohamed,  Calle Toro Juan,  Dennis Rebecca,  Andronikou Savvas

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-004

Upper gastrointestinal studies are used for the diagnosis of intestinal malrotation, and the configuration of the duodenum and position of the DJ flexure are used for diagnosis. There are various challenges associated with diagnosing malrotation on the AP view, and obtaining a lateral view is recommended for diagnosis. To be useful, the lateral view must be of adequate quality. In addition, radiologists must be aware of the normal appearance and configuration of duodenal variants such as duodenum redundum, on the lateral view, as misdiagnosis of these may lead to unnecessary surgery. We aim to determine the proportion of lateral views considered of adequate quality for diagnosis, as well as the prevalence of a not previously described sign, the 'descending stair' and its correspondence to a diagnosis of duodenum redundum. Read More

Authors:  Venkatakrishna Shyam Sunder , Elsingergy Mohamed , Calle Toro Juan , Dennis Rebecca , Andronikou Savvas

Keywords:  Descending stair, Upper gastrointestinal studies (UGI), Duodenum redundum

Misiura Anne,  Urbine Jacqueline,  Poletto Erica,  Malik Archana,  Mallon Mea

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-032

The spleen is rarely the first organ to come to mind in discussing pathology of the abdomen, and indeed may often be the last. However, there are a multitude of splenic processes and abnormalities that should be kept in mind when discussing the pediatric abdomen. Additionally, splenic abnormalities, or lack thereof, can also be clues to diagnosis in more difficult cases. Read More

Authors:  Misiura Anne , Urbine Jacqueline , Poletto Erica , Malik Archana , Mallon Mea

Keywords:  Spleen, gastrointestinal, abdomen