Parikh Ashishkumar,  Pruthi Sumit,  Hernanz-schulman Marta

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-001

Recently JACHO proposed to address double scanning in pediatric chest CT, yet there are no data to determine whether this takes place; similarly, there is discussion regarding validity of sending pediatric patients to adult-focused practices for routine imaging by third party payors. Our purpose is to review the technical factors that impact upon radiation dose and image quality in CT scans of children referred from adult-focused practices to a children’s hospital, referenced to pre-Image Gently values. To our knowledge this is the first such review that includes body and neuro scans and extensive technique and exposure data Read More

Authors:  Parikh Ashishkumar,  Pruthi Sumit,  Hernanz-schulman Marta

Keywords:  ALARA ,  Image Gently ,  Radiation

Krishnamurthy Ramkumar,  Liu Yingmin,  Hu Houchun,  Krishnamurthy Rajesh,  Hor Kan,  Ahmad Rizwan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-003

Conventional cardiac MRI (CMR) acquisitions in children are limited by long acquisition time, need for sedation, and an inefficient workflow. A conventional cine SSFP short-axis stack typically takes 5-7 minutes to complete and is ineffective for subjects with arrhythmias. Available alternatives like free-breathing, real-time cine (RT-cine) SSFP have suboptimal temporal and spatial resolution. Recent advances in compressed sensing (CS) MRI techniques may overcome this limitation. We hypothesize that a CS-based approach will allow the scan time for a short axis RT-cine stack to be shortened to less than a minute without compromising spatial or temporal resolution. Read More

Authors:  Krishnamurthy Ramkumar,  Liu Yingmin,  Hu Houchun,  Krishnamurthy Rajesh,  Hor Kan,  Ahmad Rizwan

Keywords:  COmpressed Sensing ,  Cine ,  MRI

Guo Chen,  Wang Qian,  Hu Li-wei,  Zhong Yu-min

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-004

The purpose of this study was to demonstrate manifestations of MSCT in Abernethy malformation and its diagnostic value. Read More

Authors:  Guo Chen,  Wang Qian,  Hu Li-wei,  Zhong Yu-min

Keywords:  Abernethy malformation ,  Angiograph ,  Tomography

Royall Ivey,  Grekoski Vincent,  Hough Matthew,  Sensakovic William

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-005

To compare methods of estimating the fetal radiation dose delivered during computed tomography (CT) scanning. Further, to assess sources of variability in estimation methods. Read More

Authors:  Royall Ivey,  Grekoski Vincent,  Hough Matthew,  Sensakovic William

Keywords:  Fetal ,  Radiation dose

Maddocks Alexis,  Ayyala Rama,  Jimenez Jesus,  Miller Russell,  Duron Vincent

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-006

Giant omphaloceles are large in size and contain a significant portion of liver. Giant omphaloceles are often associated with other co-morbidities, such as pulmonary hypoplasia, which can lead to respiratory insufficiency, prolonged intensive care support, assisted ventilation, and death. The purpose of this study is to develop a prognostic model for prediction of post-natal outcomes in patients with giant omphaloceles using fetal MRI calculated observed to expected total lung volumes (O/E TLV). Read More

Authors:  Maddocks Alexis,  Ayyala Rama,  Jimenez Jesus,  Miller Russell,  Duron Vincent

Keywords:  omphalocele ,  Fetal MR

Fagen Kimberly,  Blask Anna,  Rubio Eva,  Loomis Judyta,  Bulas Dorothy

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-008

To assess if malrotation of the bowel can be detected on prenatal MRI. Read More

Authors:  Fagen Kimberly,  Blask Anna,  Rubio Eva,  Loomis Judyta,  Bulas Dorothy

Keywords:  Malrotation ,  Heterotaxy ,  Fetal MRI

Hu Houchun,  Block Kai Tobias,  Benkert Thomas,  Krishnamurthy Ramkumar,  Smith Mark,  Rusin Jerome,  Young Cody,  Adler Brent H.,  Milks Kathryn,  Krishnamurthy Rajesh

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-009

Free-breathing MRI scans are attractive in pediatric imaging as they reduce the need for sedation and breath-holds. In this work, we evaluate a 3D T1w radial "stack of stars" gradient echo (GRE) acquisition (RAVE-RAdial Volumetric Encoding) in post-contrast abdomen and spine protocols and compare results with conventional Cartesian MRI of similar spatial resolution and volume coverage. Read More

Authors:  Hu Houchun,  Block Kai Tobias,  Benkert Thomas,  Krishnamurthy Ramkumar,  Smith Mark,  Rusin Jerome,  Young Cody,  Adler Brent H.,  Milks Kathryn,  Krishnamurthy Rajesh

Keywords:  Motion Insensitive ,  Accelerated MRI ,  Free-Breathing MRI

Lanier Michael,  Shetty Anup,  Salter Amber,  Khanna Geetika

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-011

Gadolinium deposition in normal tissues is an increasingly recognized consequence of intravenous gadolinium contrast agents. Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergo frequent surveillance imaging with contrast enhanced MR enterography (MRE).
Purpose: To determine the benefit (if any) of IV contrast in evaluation of IBD by MRE. Read More

Authors:  Lanier Michael,  Shetty Anup,  Salter Amber,  Khanna Geetika

Keywords:  Enterography ,  Crohn disease ,  inflammation

Poletto Erica,  Richards Matthew,  Goldwasser Bernard,  Meckmongkol Teerin,  Ciullo Sean,  Prasad Rajeev

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-012

The formation of one or more intestinal strictures is a known complication of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Multiple prior investigations have found that the occurrence of colonic strictures is higher than small intestinal strictures, at an approximate ratio of 2-3:1. We hypothesized that small intestinal strictures may be more prevalent than colonic strictures at our urban, academic, tertiary care children’s hospital.

Our first aim was to determine the incidence of small intestinal and colonic strictures in patients with prior medically treated NEC who had not undergone previous surgical intervention. Second, we attempted to evaluate for differences in demographics and other clinical variables between the group of patients with small intestinal strictures versus the group with colonic strictures. Read More

Authors:  Poletto Erica,  Richards Matthew,  Goldwasser Bernard,  Meckmongkol Teerin,  Ciullo Sean,  Prasad Rajeev

Keywords:  necrotizing enterocolitis ,  stricture

Milla Sarah,  Cantu Cera,  Richer Edward,  Braithwaite Kiery,  Linam Leann,  Riedesel Erica,  Loewen Jonathan,  Simoneaux Stephen

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-013

Idiopathic thickening of the pyloric muscle can occur in young infants, causing projectile vomiting, electrolyte abnormalities, and necessity for surgical intervention to relieve the gastric outlet obstruction. Case reports have been published describing infants with HPS who also have portal venous gas (PVG) visualized within the liver. The presence of PVG in other clinical scenarios often indicates a severe and potentially life threatening bowel condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of infants with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) and concurrent portal venous gas (PVG), as well as whether there are unique clinical features or different outcomes in the HPS patients with PVG versus without PVG. Read More

Authors:  Milla Sarah,  Cantu Cera,  Richer Edward,  Braithwaite Kiery,  Linam Leann,  Riedesel Erica,  Loewen Jonathan,  Simoneaux Stephen

Keywords:  pyloric stenosis ,  portal venous gas ,  pneumatosis

Schold Andrew,  Marine Megan,  Brown Brandon,  Gray Brian,  Karmazyn Boaz

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-014

Radiographic findings of right diaphragmatic eventration may overlap with true hernia if only liver herniates without bowel. We thus wanted to know the accuracy of ultrasonography (US) in the diagnosis of right diaphragmatic hernia. Read More

Authors:  Schold Andrew,  Marine Megan,  Brown Brandon,  Gray Brian,  Karmazyn Boaz

Keywords:  Diaphragm ,  Hernia ,  Ultrasound

Reddy Nidhi,  Chan Sherwin,  Robinson Amie,  Mardis Neil,  Dahl Amy,  Fickenscher Kristin

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-017

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn disease, is a cause of significant morbidity in the pediatric population. Perirectal disease is a Crohn related complication affecting as many as 62% of children. Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) is being increasingly utilized in characterizing the extent of IBD. Dedicated perirectal disease imaging, such as a T2 SPACE, requires an additional 10-15 minutes of imaging time on an already time constrained modality. The goal of our study was to determine the best imaging protocol for patients without clinically suspicious perirectal disease based on the incidence in this population. Read More

Authors:  Reddy Nidhi,  Chan Sherwin,  Robinson Amie,  Mardis Neil,  Dahl Amy,  Fickenscher Kristin

Keywords:  Perirectal Disease Imaging ,  MR Enterography ,  Pediatric MRI

Durand Rachelle,  Francavilla Michael,  Edgar Christopher,  Maya Carolina,  Kaplan Summer

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-019

Although ultrasound has advantages for bowel assessment in infants, the majority of bowel evaluation still takes place by radiograph. Although radiographic signs of advanced necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) have been well documented, there is poor understanding of gas patterns in less severe NEC or other causes of feeding intolerance. Progressively abnormal appearance of gas patterns in NEC has been described, but it is unclear what role a gastric sump plays. Because a sump decompresses bowel and changes the gas pattern, its role in the progression of abnormal bowel gas patterns warrants attention. Read More

Authors:  Durand Rachelle,  Francavilla Michael,  Edgar Christopher,  Maya Carolina,  Kaplan Summer

Keywords:  necrotizing enterocolitis ,  NEC ,  bowel

Downs Elissa,  Baldridge Alan,  Dietz Kelly

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-020

Gastrojejunostomy (GJ) tubes are a convenient way to provide nutrition to children with complex medical issues. A known complication is development of a small bowel intussusception. We perceived an increase in GJ tube intussusceptions (GJIs) at our quaternary care hospital. The purpose of our study was to identify cases of GJI, risk factors for development, and determine if there was a safety device issue. Read More

Authors:  Downs Elissa,  Baldridge Alan,  Dietz Kelly

Keywords:  Gastrojejunostomy ,  Intussusception ,  Safety

Otjen Jeffrey,  Stanescu A. Luana,  Ansdell David,  Alessio Adam,  Parisi Marguerite

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-023

Pelvic ultrasound is commonly used to detect ovarian torsion, but the diagnosis remains challenging as there is no single pathognomonic feature. This retrospective case-controlled study aims to identify an algorithm to detect torsion based on common ultrasound imaging features. Read More

Authors:  Otjen Jeffrey,  Stanescu A. Luana,  Ansdell David,  Alessio Adam,  Parisi Marguerite

Keywords:  torsion ,  ultrasound ,  machine learning

Otjen Jeffrey,  Ansdell David,  Stanescu A. Luana,  Alessio Adam,  Parisi Marguerite

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-024

Ultrasound has long been a readily available, noninvasive, and accurate means of evaluating the female pelvis and is widely used in the emergency setting for girls with abdominal and pelvic pain. One key element in evaluating for pathology is to measure ovarian size and compare left and right ovaries. Normative volume data stratified by age are available; however, these studies suffer from lack of numbers, and frequently older equipment. Technological advances in ultrasonic hardware and software have increased the resolution of both gray-scale and Doppler imaging. Increases in spatial resolution allow for better identification and measurement of ovaries and precise measurements and depictions of anatomic details. The purpose of this study was to re-evaluate normal pediatric ovarian volumes in relation to patient age with a larger dataset and newer technology. Read More

Authors:  Otjen Jeffrey,  Ansdell David,  Stanescu A. Luana,  Alessio Adam,  Parisi Marguerite

Keywords:  Ovary ,  Ultrasound

Roberson Nathaniel,  Dillman Jonathan,  O'hara Sara,  Defoor William,  Reddy Pramod,  Giordano Richard,  Trout Andrew

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-026

To determine the diagnostic performance of renal ultrasound for diagnosing nephrolithiasis in children using a clinical effectiveness approach. Read More

Authors:  Roberson Nathaniel,  Dillman Jonathan,  O'hara Sara,  Defoor William,  Reddy Pramod,  Giordano Richard,  Trout Andrew

Keywords:  nephrolithiasis

Kim Jane,  Son Jennifer,  Poletto Erica,  Phelps Andrew,  Levin Terry

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-027

To describe the fluoroscopic practice patterns during pregnancy in pediatric radiologists and potential impact on professional relationships and career. Read More

Authors:  Kim Jane,  Son Jennifer,  Poletto Erica,  Phelps Andrew,  Levin Terry

Keywords:  Pregnancy ,  Fluoroscopy

Silvestro Elizabeth,  Sze Raymond

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-028

Additive manufacturing (also called 3D printing and rapid prototyping) in medical research and clinical applications is expanding. This study aims to quantify the imaging characteristics (Ultrasound, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Computed Tomography scan) of available materials on a common additive manufacturing technology and discuss potential opportunities to fabricate imaging phantoms, which can be utilized in:
-Training residents and technologists on the equipment and techniques
-Practice for unique case studies and interventions
-Planning procedures for complex surgical and interventional cases
-Quality assurance of equipment for safety
These would be high accuracy and cost-effective models, providing significant savings for purchased phantoms, which can cost over $3k. Moreover, printed phantoms allow custom phantoms for specific applications or anatomy unique to specific patient beyond pre-fabricated options. Read More

Authors:  Silvestro Elizabeth,  Sze Raymond

Keywords:  Rapid Prototyping ,  three dimensional printing ,  PolyJet

Ghaleb Nancy,  Pezeshkmehr Amir,  Sharma Shobit,  James Charles,  Dawoud Malik,  Lewis Paul,  Moore Mary,  Parks Jim,  White Emily,  Roberson Paula

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-030

Evaluate IR service performance and patient outcomes following implementation of a clinical pathway for parapneumonic effusion. Read More

Authors:  Ghaleb Nancy,  Pezeshkmehr Amir,  Sharma Shobit,  James Charles,  Dawoud Malik,  Lewis Paul,  Moore Mary,  Parks Jim,  White Emily,  Roberson Paula

Keywords:  parapneumonic effusion ,  clinical pathway ,  tissue plasminogen activator

Patel Manish,  Weiss Judith,  Kandil Ali,  Johnson Neil

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-034

Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) may have scoliosis requiring spinal hardware for spinal fixation. The scoliosis in addition to the spinal hardware makes intrathecal access difficult with conventional approaches. With recent FDA approval of nusinersen (SpinrazaÒ) for SMA, intrathecal access is required for administration of this meditation. We describe our experience in these patients using a variety of lumbar puncture approaches (intra-spinous process, trans-pedicle, and trans-foraminal) utilizing conventional fluoroscopy, cone-beam CT (CBCT) with fluoroscopy overlay and/or conventional CT with CT fluoroscopy. Approach to the type of access and image guidance is based on the presence of spinal hardware and degree of scoliosis and spinal fusion. Read More

Authors:  Patel Manish,  Weiss Judith,  Kandil Ali,  Johnson Neil

Keywords:  Spinal Muscular Atrophy ,  Lumbar Puncture ,  Spinraza

Iles Benjamin,  Samora Julie,  Singh Satbir,  Ruess Lynne

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-035

Treatment pathways for isolated distal radius fractures in children are evolving and becoming more tailored to specific fracture types, including different management plans for stable buckle fractures (BFs) versus unstable distal radius fractures (DRFs). We propose a measurement rule to aid differentiation of stable BFs from unstable DRFs in children.
Read More

Authors:  Iles Benjamin,  Samora Julie,  Singh Satbir,  Ruess Lynne

Keywords:  Quality Improvement ,  Radiography ,  Children

Panwar Jyoti,  Kirkhus Eva,  Meyers Arthur,  Patel Hiten,  Van Rossum Marion,  Stimec Jennifer,  Tse Shirley,  Twilt Marinka,  Tzaribachev Nikolay,  Doria Andrea,  Tolend Mirkamal,  Akikusa Jonathan,  Herregods Nele,  Highmore Kerri,  Inarejos Clemente Emilio,  Jans Lennart,  Jaremko Jacob Lester,  Von Kalle Thekla

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-036

Whole body (WB) MRI is a valuable method for surveying the overall burden of systemic diseases such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), directing further diagnostic and treatment approaches. Consensus-driven development and validation of a standardized WB-MRI scoring system for JIA has important clinical utility in timely detection and monitoring of disease activity, and serves as an outcome measure in research. We describe our experience utilizing a formal consensus approach amongst imaging and/or clinical JIA experts towards developing a novel WB MRI scoring system to assess disease activity in JIA. Read More

Authors:  Panwar Jyoti,  Kirkhus Eva,  Meyers Arthur,  Patel Hiten,  Van Rossum Marion,  Stimec Jennifer,  Tse Shirley,  Twilt Marinka,  Tzaribachev Nikolay,  Doria Andrea,  Tolend Mirkamal,  Akikusa Jonathan,  Herregods Nele,  Highmore Kerri,  Inarejos Clemente Emilio,  Jans Lennart,  Jaremko Jacob Lester,  Von Kalle Thekla

Keywords:  Consensus ,  WB-MRI scoring system ,  Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Fadell Michael,  Flug Jonathan,  Mcarthur Tatum,  Skelton Anne,  Carry Patrick,  Mayer Stephanie

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-039

This study compares the accuracy of three MRI acquisitions commonly used to assess intra articular pathology in identifying labral, transition zone, and articular cartilage injuries. Read More

Authors:  Fadell Michael,  Flug Jonathan,  Mcarthur Tatum,  Skelton Anne,  Carry Patrick,  Mayer Stephanie

Keywords:  Labrum ,  Chondral labral junction ,  Radial

Gibbs Liliane,  Keyak Joyce

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-041

Determining the underlying etiology of bone fracture in children is an essential part of patient care. Very young patients who may be victims of child abuse, but who may not be able to express themselves, must be distinguished from those who have low bone mineralization due to disease. Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has been used to evaluate volumetric bone mineral density (BMD) in children, but there is little information on BMD in very young subjects.^1,2 The goal of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of using QCT to evaluate BMD and volume (Vol) of lumbar vertebral bodies in children and to establish the need for a separate comparative database to evaluate these parameters in subjects less than 6 years. Read More

Authors:  Gibbs Liliane,  Keyak Joyce

Keywords:  QCT ,  BMD ,  Abuse

Poliachik Sandra,  Alessio Adam,  Friedman Seth,  Wright Jason

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-043

Purpose: The evaluation of epileptic foci with FDG PET can be challenging, particularly when epileptic foci are subtle. We sought to determine if an age-matched database of normative cerebral FDG PET uptake can be used to automatically identify epileptic foci. Read More

Authors:  Poliachik Sandra,  Alessio Adam,  Friedman Seth,  Wright Jason

Keywords:  FDG PET ,  Epilepsy ,  Normative atlas

Long Alexander,  Buskirk Tricia,  Smith Mark,  Krishnamurthy Ramkumar,  Hu Houchun,  Halverson Mark

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-044

Functional MRI (fMRI) for preoperative language mapping of Wernicke’s and Broca’s areas in clinical pediatric epilepsy presents various challenges resulting in poor patient compliance. We hypothesized that higher fMRI success rates can be achieved using intensive patient preparation in a fMRI practice session using a mock MRI scanner. Read More

Authors:  Long Alexander,  Buskirk Tricia,  Smith Mark,  Krishnamurthy Ramkumar,  Hu Houchun,  Halverson Mark

Keywords:  Epilepsy ,  fMRI ,  Mock Scanner

Mahdi Eman,  Whitehead Matthew

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-046

CHARGE syndrome is a genetic disorder with multisystemic congenital anomalies, most commonly including coloboma, heart malformations, choanal atresia, developmental delay, and genital and ear anomalies. The diagnostic criteria for CHARGE syndrome has been refined over the years. However, there are limited reports describing skullbase and craniocervical junction abnormalities. Recently, a coronal clival cleft has been identified in association with CHARGE syndrome. The aim of our study is to assess the prevalence of coronal clival clefts in patients with CHARGE syndrome. Read More

Authors:  Mahdi Eman,  Whitehead Matthew

Keywords:  CHARGE syndrome ,  Clival cleft

Tutman Jeffrey,  Hedlund Gary

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-047

Accurate imaging characterization of chronic subdural hemorrhage (cSDH) has clinical and forensic implications, and continues to challenge the radiologist. The MRI characteristics of surgically proven cSDH were retrospectively reviewed in the context of known pathomorphology of the aging SDH. Read More

Authors:  Tutman Jeffrey,  Hedlund Gary

Keywords:  Non-accidental trauma ,  Abusive Head Trauma

Van Tassel Dane,  Riemann Monique,  Mcmahon Lisa,  Barnes Craig,  Wong Kevin

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-050

Slipping Rib Syndrome (SRS) is a condition that affects adolescents and young adults. Dynamic Ultrasound imaging has a potential and likely significant role; however, limited data exists describing the protocol and techniques available for evaluating SRS. It is the intent of this study to describe the development of an effective and reproducible protocol for dynamic imaging in patients with SRS. Read More

Authors:  Van Tassel Dane,  Riemann Monique,  Mcmahon Lisa,  Barnes Craig,  Wong Kevin

Keywords:  Slipping Rib ,  Dynamic Ultrasound ,  Ultrasound