Shellikeri Sphoorti,  Back Susan,  Poznick Laura,  Darge Kassa

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-050

ceVUS is a radiation-free and sensitive examination to detect vesicoureteral reflux and image the urethra in children using ultrasound (US) and intravesical administration of an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA). Due to the growing interest to perform ceVUS in children, a urinary bladder phantom was developed to teach the technical aspects of the ceVUS examination. Here we describe the preparation and utility of this reusable phantom as a tool to simulate the UCA administration, distribution and the effect of different US parameters on the UCA appearance in the bladder. Read More

Authors:  Shellikeri Sphoorti , Back Susan , Poznick Laura , Darge Kassa

Keywords:  Ultrasound contrast, bladder phantom, contrast enhanced voiding urosonography

Venkatakrishna Shyam Sunder,  Sultan Laith,  Gabbert Morgan,  Morgan Trudy,  Anupindi Sudha

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-014

Pediatric chronic liver disease (CLD) poses a significant clinical challenge, necessitating precise diagnostic tools for comprehensive evaluation. Microvascular perfusion abnormalities play a pivotal role in disease progression. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) detects the flow in the micro-vessels, however, objective means are needed for better understanding. In this study we evaluate a novel quantitative method utilizing CEUS for assessing microvascular perfusion in pediatric patients with CLD. Read More

Authors:  Venkatakrishna Shyam Sunder , Sultan Laith , Gabbert Morgan , Morgan Trudy , Anupindi Sudha

Keywords:  Liver microvasculature, Contrast enhanced ultrasound, image analysis

Seong Ye Won,  Kim Pyeong Hwa,  Yoon Hee Mang,  Jung Ah Young,  Cho Young Ah,  Lee Jin Seong

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-008

To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of acute adverse reactions (ADRs) to nonionic low-osmolar iodinated contrast media (LOCM) in a pediatric population. Read More

Authors:  Seong Ye Won , Kim Pyeong Hwa , Yoon Hee Mang , Jung Ah Young , Cho Young Ah , Lee Jin Seong

Keywords:  Contrast Agent, CT, Safety

Barhaghi Krystle,  Schuchardt Eleanor,  Schafer Michal,  Meyers Mariana,  Behrendt Nicholas,  Barker Alex,  Cuneo Bettina,  Friesen Richard,  Browne Lorna

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 102

Previous studies show that phase contrast MRI (PC-MRI) can successfully measure fetal blood flow in late gestation singleton fetuses. To date there is a paucity of data quantifying fetal blood flow of twin or early gestational age pregnancies (~19 weeks). Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a rare complication of monochorionic pregnancies that is believed to result from inequal flow distribution between fetuses. In this novel investigation, we utilized PC-MRI to investigate fetal aortic flow in early gestational age fetuses with TTTS or selective Intrauterine Growth Restriction (sIUGR). We compared flow distribution between the smaller and larger fetus in each twin pair. Read More

Authors:  Barhaghi Krystle , Schuchardt Eleanor , Schafer Michal , Meyers Mariana , Behrendt Nicholas , Barker Alex , Cuneo Bettina , Friesen Richard , Browne Lorna

Keywords:  Fetal MRI, Twins, Phase Contrast MRI

Afonya Boma,  Kandil Ali,  Mahmoud Mohamed,  Das Bobby,  Fleck Robert

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 079

Administering oral contrast less than two hours before sedation/anesthesia is often needed for computed tomography (CT) studies of the abdomen in children, but violates the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) nothing-by-mouth guidelines and may increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia. ASA guidelines are based on gastric aspiration. Oral contrast is best administered 1 hour prior to imaging for optimal abdominal CT evaluation. The aim of our study was to measure residual gastric fluid volume (RGV) by CT and with manual aspiration in subjects undergoing general anesthesia (GA) less than 2 hours after oral contrast. Read More

Authors:  Afonya Boma , Kandil Ali , Mahmoud Mohamed , Das Bobby , Fleck Robert

Keywords:  Anesthesia, Enteric Contrast, Safety

Benya Ellen,  Prendergast Francis,  Liu Dennis,  Wyers Mary

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 001

Contrast enhanced voiding urosonography (CEVUS) uses intravesically administered microbubble contrast to detect vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and urethral anomalies with ultrasound. Multiple studies have suggested CEVUS can replace voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) as a radiation free alternative. Analysis of ureterovesical junction (UVJ) and ureters on VCUG documenting UVJ position, ureteral duplication, periureteral diverticula and ureteroceles is important as anatomic variations may affect management and surgical approach. Our purpose was to assess UVJ region visualization in children with VUR detected on CEVUS. Read More

Authors:  Benya Ellen , Prendergast Francis , Liu Dennis , Wyers Mary

Keywords:  contrast enhanced voiding urosonography, vesicoureteral reflux, ureterovesical junction

Wermers Joshua,  Batlivala Sarosh,  Li Yinan,  Zhang Bin,  Towbin Alexander

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-004

Diffuse serosal and soft tissue enhancement (SSTE) is a unique pattern of contrast enhancement seen on abdominal radiographs after cardiac catheterization in newborns. While thought to be benign, SSTE can be misdiagnosed as pneumoperitoneum, resulting in unnecessary and potentially invasive diagnostic procedures. The purpose of this study is to describe the incidence of SSTE on abdominal radiograph performed in infants within 2 days of cardiac catheterization and identify clinical features associated with this imaging finding. Read More

Authors:  Wermers Joshua , Batlivala Sarosh , Li Yinan , Zhang Bin , Towbin Alexander

Keywords:  Radiography, Contrast, Renal

Handa Atsuhiko,  Bedoya M. Alejandra,  Iwasaka-neder Jade,  Johnston Patrick,  Bixby Sarah

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-019

To assess the equivalence of MRI without Gd-based contrast and MRI with contrast in the evaluation of synovitis in pediatric patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).

Contrast-enhanced imaging has been the gold-standard for MR evaluation of synovitis in patients with JIA (JAMRIS system). Conventional 2D MRI sequences did not allow reliable differentiation between synovium vs joint fluid. With higher field-strength magnets (1.5T or 3T), and high-resolution 3D sequences, the synovium may be differentiated from joint fluid on noncontrast MRI. Read More

Authors:  Handa Atsuhiko , Bedoya M. Alejandra , Iwasaka-neder Jade , Johnston Patrick , Bixby Sarah

Keywords:  arthritis, MRI, contrast

Poznick Laura,  Morgan Trudy,  Back Susan,  Darge Kassa

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-007 (T)

Contrast enhanced voiding urosonography (ceVUS) is a radiation free, highly sensitive imaging modality for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) detection and urethral imaging in children. CeVUS uses ultrasound (US) technology and an US contrast agent (UCA) that is instilled in the bladder via a catheter. This educational exhibit provides step-by-step instructions of our institutional protocol for performing ceVUS exams.
Read More

Authors:  Poznick Laura , Morgan Trudy , Back Susan , Darge Kassa

Keywords:  Ultrasound, Contrast, VoidingContrast

Lee Seunghyun,  Hur Saebeom,  Choi Young Hun,  Cho Yeon Jin,  Cheon Jung-eun,  Kim Woo Sun,  Kim In-one

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-032

The recent advances of the lymphatic intervention, has prompted progress in imaging of the lymphatic system. We would describe the clinical usefulness of the dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance (MR) lymphangiography for imaging of the lymphatic system in pediatric patients. Read More

Authors:  Lee Seunghyun , Hur Saebeom , Choi Young Hun , Cho Yeon Jin , Cheon Jung-eun , Kim Woo Sun , Kim In-one

Keywords:  lymphangiography, MRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced

Zapala Matthew,  Zurakowski David,  Lee Edward

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-071

To compare hand versus mechanical administration of intravenous (IV) contrast on the quality of CT pulmonary angiography in the pediatric population. Read More

Authors:  Zapala Matthew , Zurakowski David , Lee Edward

Keywords:  CT, Pulmonary artery, Contrast

Birkemeier Krista,  Roby Paul,  Setliff Jordan,  Roth Clark,  Maclaskey Drew,  Larsen Logan,  Forsmann Mai,  Anderson Richard,  Schnitker James

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-037

Choice of contrast for pediatric upper gastrointestinal series (UGI) is variable. While radiologists prefer the density of barium, surgeons prefer water soluble contrast. Diluting water-soluble contrast makes it nearly iso-osmotic, reducing the risk of electrolyte disturbance, but does dilution impair diagnostic accuracy? Does the contrast agent affect duodenal distention? Does the amount of bowel gas affect perceived density? Read More

Authors:  Birkemeier Krista , Roby Paul , Setliff Jordan , Roth Clark , Maclaskey Drew , Larsen Logan , Forsmann Mai , Anderson Richard , Schnitker James

Keywords:  Upper Gastrointestinal Series, Contrast, Obstruction

Didier Ryne,  Martin-saavedra Juan,  Sridharan Anush,  Larson Abby,  Coons Barbara,  Coleman Beverly,  Davey Marcus,  Hedrick Holly,  Flake Alan

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 118

Assessment of fetal brain perfusion with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has not been performed in vivo in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). The development of the EXTra-uterine Environment for Neonatal Development allows investigation of CEUS and fetal brain perfusion parameters. The purpose of this study was to assess for aberrations in brain perfusion using CEUS in fetal lambs with CDH and correlate with cardiac output data. Read More

Authors:  Didier Ryne , Martin-saavedra Juan , Sridharan Anush , Larson Abby , Coons Barbara , Coleman Beverly , Davey Marcus , Hedrick Holly , Flake Alan

Keywords:  Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Brain Perfusion, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound

Xu Hongmin,  Gagnon Marie-helene,  Ali Sumera,  Linam Leann

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-039

The purpose of this educational exhibit is to:
1.Review the embryology, classification, and imaging features of anorectal malformations (ARMs).
2.Review the indications and techniques of Contrast-enhanced colosonography (CeCS) in pediatric patients with ARMs.
3.Provide sample cases and clinical courses of patients with specific ARMs.

Anorectal malformations(ARMs) are a spectrum of congenital anomalies involving abnormal development of the distal rectum and anus, leading to an interruption or misconnection of the normal passage between the rectum and the perineum. The condition occurs in about 1 in 5,000 live births and can range from mild to complex. Children with ARMs require preoperative imaging to assess the presence and location of a fistula. Identifying the location of these fistulas is crucial for surgical planning.

Contrast-enhanced colosonography (ceCS) has emerged as a valuable tool in diagnosing pediatric ARMs, offering superior anatomical visualization and assessment compared to traditional imaging techniques like fluoroscopy, providing more sensitive and specific evaluation of fistula with real-time contrast filling. CeCS avoids ionizing radiation, and ultrasound contrast agents have a high safety profile with low incidence of adverse events compared to other contrast agents.

Contrast-Enhanced colosonography (CeCS) technique should include survey greyscale ultrasound examination of the pelvis to assess for adequate window. Lumason, the ultrasound contrast agent, is prepared and injected into a bag of saline, with a ratio of 1:500 mL. The mucous fistula is examined, and a small Foley catheter is inserted by the radiologist, then balloon is inflated to create a seal. Contrast is then instilled by gravity drip, and perineal structures are imaged through three standard approaches- transabdominal, transperineal and posterior sagittal approaches.

As well as reviewing the topics above, this review will also provide examples of ARM cases demonstrating high, intermediate, and low fistulas seen on CeCS.

Overall, CeCS enhances the diagnostic accuracy and management of pediatric ARMs. By providing detailed anatomical insights and allowing for accurate classification, it plays a critical role in guiding treatment strategies and improving long-term outcomes for affected patients. Read More

Authors:  Xu Hongmin , Gagnon Marie-helene , Ali Sumera , Linam Leann

Keywords:  Anorectal Malformation, Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, Pre-Surgical Planning

Hwang Jae-yeon,  Choi Young Hun,  Cheon Jung-eun,  Lee Seunghyun,  Cho Yeon Jin,  Choi Jae Won

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-031

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is increasingly recognized as an essential imaging tool in pediatric radiology, offering a safe and non-invasive alternative to conventional imaging modalities such as CT and MRI. By eliminating the risks associated with ionizing radiation, CEUS is particularly advantageous for pediatric patients, providing real-time, high-resolution imaging that is both dynamic and versatile. The purpose of this educational exhibit is to present a comprehensive pictorial review of the diverse clinical indications and diagnostic benefits of CEUS in pediatric practice. This exhibit will:
1. Provide a concise overview of the current clinical indications for CEUS, focusing on its expanding role in pediatric imaging.
2. Present case-based examples illustrating the use of CEUS in evaluating liver lesions, bowel pathology, genitourinary conditions, thoracic applications, head and neck lesions, and ultrasound-guided interventions.
3. Discuss the advantages of CEUS, such as its real-time imaging capabilities, high spatial resolution, and ability to perform bedside examinations, especially in critically ill pediatric patients. Read More

Authors:  Hwang Jae-yeon , Choi Young Hun , Cheon Jung-eun , Lee Seunghyun , Cho Yeon Jin , Choi Jae Won

Keywords:  Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, Ultrasonography, Contrast

Colleran Gabrielle,  Barnewolt Carol,  Chow Jeanne,  Paltiel Harriet

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-122

Fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and radionuclide cystography (RNC) are conventional techniques used for the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children. Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography (ceVUS) is a radiation-free alternative to the traditional VCUG. ceVUS has gained acceptance in Europe, but has not yet been widely adopted in the USA.

The purpose of this educational review is to describe our initial experience with ceVUS using the second generation US contrast agent Optison™, with a focus on optimization of examination technique, utility in the depiction of a variety of pathological entities, and a discussion of potential pitfalls. Read More

Authors:  Colleran Gabrielle , Barnewolt Carol , Chow Jeanne , Paltiel Harriet

Keywords:  contrast enhanced voiding urosonography, VCUG, ALARA, ultrasound contrast, Optison

Davis Laura,  Morales-tisnés Tatiana,  Lerebo Wondwossen,  Barz Leahy Allison,  Ntoulia Aikaterini,  Dennis Rebecca,  Anupindi Sudha,  Darge Kassa,  Back Susan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-013

Infantile myofibromatosis is rare. The generalized form affects the integument and musculoskeletal system as well as multiple visceral organs and can impair organ function, thus requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment at an early age. As a disease that presents before the age of two years, minimizing use of CT and MRI is imperative to reduce radiation and gadolinium contrast use, respectively.
We present a case of a neonate in whom multiple cutaneous and an appendiceal lesion raised the suspicion of infantile myofibromatosis. Multiple liver lesions were seen on gray-scale ultrasound. On contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), there were multiple, differently-enhancing liver lesions, a finding which was confirmed on MRI with hepatocyte specific contrast. These were all thought to represent myofibromas with complete involution following low dose chemotherapy. Read More

Authors:  Davis Laura , Morales-tisnés Tatiana , Lerebo Wondwossen , Barz Leahy Allison , Ntoulia Aikaterini , Dennis Rebecca , Anupindi Sudha , Darge Kassa , Back Susan

Keywords:  myofibromatosis, contrast ultrasound, CEUS

Silvestro Elizabeth,  Morgan Trudy,  Bennett Brittany,  Brennan Elizabeth,  Back Susan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-036

The rapid growth of contrast-enhanced ultrasound research and applications presents the need for cooresponding educational tools and training methods. Hands-on education is an ideal mechanism for learning image techniques, sparking active engagement and curiosity to learn more. Custom pediatric phantoms for ceVUS allow for specific education goals in an engaging and translatable fashion and allow the learner to practice the technique prior to engaging in patient care. Read More

Authors:  Silvestro Elizabeth , Morgan Trudy , Bennett Brittany , Brennan Elizabeth , Back Susan

Keywords:  Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, 3D Printing, Simulation

Rees Mitch,  Milks Kathryn,  Krishnamurthy Ramkumar,  Krishnamurthy Rajesh,  Hu Houchun

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-043

There is limited understanding and utilization of dynamic contrast enhancement MRI of marrow, periosteum and cartilage for diagnosis of musculoskeletal (MSK) disease in children. This is partly due to limited availability of pediatric disease models of marrow inflammation, infection, infiltration, or involvement by tumor. Herein we explore signal intensity time curves of relevant MSK targets using a 3D Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel (GRASP) MRI technique. GRASP is an accelerated, free-breathing dynamic acquisition that has been shown to reduce the need for sedation. We aim to establish a baseline for normal enhancement characteristics of marrow, cartilage, synovium and periosteum of the growing skeleton in a sheep model as a precursor to translation to children. Read More

Authors:  Rees Mitch , Milks Kathryn , Krishnamurthy Ramkumar , Krishnamurthy Rajesh , Hu Houchun

Keywords:  radial MRI, dynamic contrast enhancement, musculoskeletal

Mannava Sindhu,  Chen Paula,  Marine Megan,  Cromeens Barrett,  Karmazyn Boaz

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-020

Neonatal bowel obstruction (NBO) is the first presentation of cystic fibrosis (CF) in approximately 15–20% of cases and is most commonly due to meconium ileus (MI) in this cohort. Contrast enema (CE) is a diagnostic tool which can help discern NBO etiology with variable accuracy. CE can also be a therapeutic tool in cases of simple MI. In this study, we describe our experience with CE in diagnosis and management of meconium ileus and other pathologies causing bowel obstruction in these patients. Read More

Authors:  Mannava Sindhu , Chen Paula , Marine Megan , Cromeens Barrett , Karmazyn Boaz

Keywords:  Abdominal Imaging, Contrast Enema, Obstruction

Khaw Kristina,  Sridharan Anush,  Poznick Laura,  Kilbaugh Todd,  Hwang Misun

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 129

The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the correlation between the doppler and intracranial pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in a pediatric porcine model of asphyxia-associated cardiac arrest. Read More

Authors:  Khaw Kristina , Sridharan Anush , Poznick Laura , Kilbaugh Todd , Hwang Misun

Keywords:  Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, Intracranial Pressure

Cao Joseph,  Perkons Nicholas,  Matter Gregory,  Russ Megan,  Fadell Michael

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: SCI-032

Use of ultrasound for detection of midgut malrotation and volvulus has evolved and become more accepted as the first line assessment for this emergent pathology given its portability, ubiquity, and cost savings. Despite best efforts and experienced sonographers, visualization of an intraperitoneal D3 segment is both the most specific for malrotation as well as the most inconsistently seen. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) has been used in pediatric patients for many different applications. Initially for detecting vesicoureteral reflux and subsequently expanded its utility into numerous intravascular and intracavitary applications. We aim to test the feasibility of using enteric US contrast to visualize the D3 segment. Read More

Authors:  Cao Joseph , Perkons Nicholas , Matter Gregory , Russ Megan , Fadell Michael

Keywords:  Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound, Malrotation, Upper Gastrointestinal Series

Squires Judy,  Beluk Nancy,  Yanowitz Toby,  Kephart Morie,  Panigrahy Ashok

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 123

Timely intracranial imaging enables diagnosis, directs treatment, and provides prognostic information of infant malformation or injury. MRI is the gold standard for neuroimaging, but can be inhibited by transportation risk and incompatible support devices. Ultrasound (US) is portable, rapid, and inexpensive, but limited by lower sensitivity and specificity. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) improves diagnostic accuracy of US in other clinical applications. Our aim was to prospectively compare CEUS of the neonatal brain to MRI. Read More

Authors:  Squires Judy , Beluk Nancy , Yanowitz Toby , Kephart Morie , Panigrahy Ashok

Keywords:  contrast-enhanced ultrasound, neonates, neuroimaging

Albers Brittany,  Shah Chetan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-081

Gadolinium based contrast agents have been used in pediatric neuroradiology for years and are thought to be safe when administered appropriately. However, it has been discovered that gadolinium used in routine clinical practice results in gadolinium deposition in the even in patients with normal renal function. No studies have addressed gadolinium deposition in the soft tissues of pediatric patients or its potential ill-effects. The potential for harm may exist. We reviewed our gadolinium use in the follow up of pediatric primary intracranial neoplasms. Read More

Authors:  Albers Brittany , Shah Chetan

Keywords:  contrast, safety, malignancy, gadolinium, follow-up

Valencia Sergio,  Machado Rivas Fedel,  Gee Michael,  Jaimes Camilo

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-049

Objective:
To review the pharmacologic properties, safety profile, and clinical applications of gadopiclenol across pediatric MRI domains, including neuroimaging, body, and musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging.

Learning Points:
1.Pharmacologic Profile: Describe gadopiclenol’s high relaxivity and strong kinetic stability, supporting half-dose administration in children.
2.Diagnostic Performance: Compare enhancement patterns across neuro, body, and MSK MRI with those of conventional macrocyclic agents.
3.Specific Findings:
-Neuro: Increased sulcal vascular background on post-contrast T1WI, unchanged FLAIR signal.
-Body: Clear delineation of solid organ and vascular structures.
-MSK: Adequate depiction of synovial, soft tissue, and marrow enhancement.
4.Pitfalls: Highlight physiologic enhancement and anesthesia-related flow effects.
5.Case Examples: Demonstrate typical lesions across neuro (tumor, meningitis), body (liver, kidney, vasculature), and MSK (infection, inflammation, tumor).
6.Teaching Pearl: Standardize protocols to optimize imaging, avoid misinterpretation, and ensure safe use in pediatric practice.

Discussion:
Gadopiclenol offers a potential for reduced gadolinium dose while maintaining diagnostic confidence. In neuroimaging, it may increase sulcal vascular background, which can mimic leptomeningeal disease. As with other macrocyclic agents, CE-FLAIR remains valuable for distinguishing vascular signal from true enhancement. In body MRI, enhancement patterns are comparable to other approved agents, supporting visualization of abdominal and pelvic structures. In MSK imaging, tissue-to-background contrast enables soft tissue and marrow lesion assessment similar to standard macrocyclic contrast media.

Radiologists should recognize common confounders such as physiologic enhancement patterns, timing of acquisition, and anesthesia effects. Emphasizing CE-FLAIR in neuroimaging, understanding organ-specific patterns, and tailoring protocols are key to accurate interpretation and safe integration of gadopiclenol in pediatric MRI. Read More

Authors:  Valencia Sergio , Machado Rivas Fedel , Gee Michael , Jaimes Camilo

Keywords:  Contrast Agent, Brain MRI, Body MRI

Morgan Trudy,  Poznick Laura,  Back Susan,  Darge Kassa

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-004 (T)

Contrast enhanced ultrasound is a radiation free, highly sensitive imaging modality for detection of focal liver lesions in children. CEUS uses ultrasound (US) technology and an US contrast agent (UCA) that is administered intravenously. This educational exhibit provides step-by-step instructions of our institutional protocol for performing CEUS exams. Read More

Authors:  Morgan Trudy , Poznick Laura , Back Susan , Darge Kassa

Keywords:  Ultrasound, Liver, Contrast

Mangona Kate Louise,  Hammer Matthew,  Kwon Jeannie

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-038

Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) has long been utilized in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux in children with urinary tract infections. Sonographic techniques have been developed to make the same diagnosis without exposing the child to ionizing radiation. This presentation describes the implementation steps of a new service including: pharmacy approval and formulary addition; sonographer training and coordination with fluoroscopy technologists; referring clinician education and outreach. This exhibit educates the reader on how ceVUS can be performed, how it can be established at a children’s hospital, and the benefits it provides.

Correct technique and acquisition of images is shown using clinical case examples. Relevant anatomy is reviewed. Correlation of ultrasound abnormalities with VCUG results is provided. The process of training technologists and radiologists is highlighted. Pitfalls and tips to improve imaging are described. We will present results on how our new service has been accepted and utilized by the urologists and referring physicians. We have now performed over 50 ceVUS studies this year. Read More

Authors:  Mangona Kate Louise , Hammer Matthew , Kwon Jeannie

Keywords:  ceVUS, ultrasound, contrast

Cheng Jocelyn,  Durand Rachelle,  Zapala Matthew,  Cort Kayla,  Bhuller Jeanie,  Courtier Jesse

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-024

MRI of the abdomen faces several technical challenges owing to respiratory motion, bowel peristalsis, and the need for large volumetric coverage. In adult patients, imaging is typically performed during multiple breath holds to avoid motion artifact; however pediatric patients may be unable to perform consistent breath holds or remain motionless during MRI acquisition. Although techniques such as child life specialists, MRI video goggles, and dedicated MR suite environments have reduced the need for anesthesia in MRI, general anesthesia may be necessary in some patients. Simulating breath holds in anesthetized patients is a technically difficult procedure requiring timed ventilation of the patient's abdomen during MRI acquisition, and results in progressive image degradation due to retained air artifact.

Dynamic Scan Optimization (DISCO) combines 3D DCEMRI + 2 pt Dixon + Parallel Imaging + Temporal Acceleration to provide high spatiotemporal resolution while drastically reducing scan time. Because pediatric patients have relatively low respiratory volumes, this technique enables acquisition of diagnostic quality images without breath-holding.

The purpose of this exhibit is to: (1) provide a guide for successful application of navigated spontaneous breathing multiphase DISCO sequence (2) review common use cases of the DISCO sequence (3) provide practical suggestions for troubleshooting DISCO Read More

Authors:  Cheng Jocelyn , Durand Rachelle , Zapala Matthew , Cort Kayla , Bhuller Jeanie , Courtier Jesse

Keywords:  Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI, DIfferential Sub-sampling with Cartesian Ordering, pediatric abdominal MRI

Kring Donna,  Suman Garima,  Morrison Jessica,  Krishnamurthy Rajesh

Final Pr. ID: Paper #: 080

To report a single institutional experience with intravenous iodinated contrast extravasations (ICE) occurring during CT at a free-standing academic pediatric medical center. Read More

Authors:  Kring Donna , Suman Garima , Morrison Jessica , Krishnamurthy Rajesh

Keywords:  extravasation, pediatrics, contrast

Bryant Audrey,  Kandil Ali

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: CR-002 (T)

Gadolinium, a type of MRI contrast is typically used when imaging pediatric cardiac patients. Gadolinium enhances the images to give more clarity to the radiologists when distinguishing normal tissue from abnormal tissue. Further, contrast also allows for better visualization of the great vessels.

Gadolinium alters the magnetic properties of nearby water molecules in the tissue. While contrast itself does not alter the tissue composition, it does affect how the scanner takes the picture. Accordingly, images can differ between pre- and post-contrast administration. While IV contrast can be administered safely, it is not without logistic implications and/or risks.

MRI contrast can be given to pediatric cardiac patients intravenously, but IV access is oftentimes challenging in pediatric cardiac patients. In an effort to reduce the number of unsuccessful IV attempts and quantity of contrast administered, a novel non-contrast MR sequences is being utilized to better depict the great vessels in these children. If IV access is unsucessful or the patient cannot complete the MRI, this modality is employed to obtain more information on the patient's cardiact vasculature.

This purpose of this case report paper is to show the MR imaging when using a non-contrast sequence to identify cardiac vessels in pediatric patients who cannot recieve IV contrast. Read More

Authors:  Bryant Audrey , Kandil Ali

Keywords:  Pediatric, Contrast, Vasculature