Anand Neil,  Tarud Raul,  Su Hsiu

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-002

The purpose of this exhibit is to make radiologists and clinicians aware of the different disease entities, which involve avascular necrosis. Additionally, we will discuss the different locations in which avascular necrosis can occur and the different pathogenic mechanisms which contribute. Avascular necrosis has a wide variety of etiologies and can affect nearly every bone in the human body. Many sites of involvement are given eponyms associated with the corresponding area. These sites are to be discussed individually, as many have unique clinical and prognostic features. We aim to educate radiologists and clinicians regarding the imaging characteristics of avascular necrosis in the various diseases discussed. Read More

Authors:  Anand Neil,  Tarud Raul,  Su Hsiu

Keywords:  Avascular ,  Necrosis ,  AVN

Karani Kunal,  Teli Radhika,  Shah Jay,  Cornish Nathan,  Singh Manu,  Honig Shaun,  Stein Evan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-005

Recognize the clinical features of vascular lesions of the orbit that occur in children.
Describe classification schemes of vascular lesions of the orbit that occur in children.
Identify the imaging features that permit differentiation among lesions.
Highlight new treatment modalities in which interventional radiologists can intercede. Read More

Authors:  Karani Kunal,  Teli Radhika,  Shah Jay,  Cornish Nathan,  Singh Manu,  Honig Shaun,  Stein Evan

Keywords:  Orbital ,  Vascular ,  Pediatric

Myers Ross,  Dietsche Eric,  Gnerre Jeffrey,  Lecompte Leslie,  Gilet Anthony

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-011

The pediatric population is not immune to the various types of cancer encountered by the adult population in terms of the organs and organ systems affected. Despite advances in treatments and detection, cancer is still the number 2 cause of death within the pediatric population. The types of tumors encountered in the younger population are often composed of more uniquely immature cellular lineages and only a small percentage have preventable causes. The goal of our single institution presentation is to provide the interested viewer with a comprehensive review of several uniquely encountered immature pediatric tumors. Our presentation will include imaging examples utilizing multiple modalities demonstrating examples of pancreaticoblastoma , immature lipoblastoma, neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, a case of biopsy confirmed small cell undifferentiated renal rhabdoid tumor, and a unique case of pleuropulmonary blastoma. Explanations pertaining to the key imaging features of each entity as reported in the literature will be provided to supplement the case examples from our institution. Read More

Authors:  Myers Ross,  Dietsche Eric,  Gnerre Jeffrey,  Lecompte Leslie,  Gilet Anthony

Keywords:  Oncology ,  Gastrointestinal ,  Thoracic

Scace Candace,  Poletto Erica,  Kazmi Faaiza,  Mallon Mea,  Malik Archana,  Urbine Jaqueline

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-012

A working knowledge of skull base anatomy as well as an understanding of the many lesions encountered in the developing calvarium is a challenging topic for the pediatric radiologist. The spectrum of lesions is vast and includes benign, benign but locally aggressive, and malignant lesions. The purpose of this presentation is to review the imaging findings associated with benign and malignant skull base lesions in children, while discussing their differentiating features. Read More

Authors:  Scace Candace,  Poletto Erica,  Kazmi Faaiza,  Mallon Mea,  Malik Archana,  Urbine Jaqueline

Keywords:  calvarium ,  fibrous dysplasia ,  cholesterol granuloma

Brown Brandon,  Shea Lindsey,  Marine Megan

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-017

MRI evaluation of the placenta, and particularly placental vascularity, is a critical yet challenging task for the radiologist. Failure to accurately diagnose ischemic changes or to detect signs of the abnormally invasive placenta can have devastating consequences for both maternal and fetal patients. The radiologist's task is further complicated by the inability to use intravenous contrast.

In this presentation, we outline a 7-point, systematic method for evaluation of the placenta, highlighting key changes in appearance and signal intensity between 1.5T and 3T MR field strength, and also incorporating a novel method for evaluating blood flow within placental parenchyma utilizing a hybrid image derived from (noncontrast) SSFP and SSFSE pulse sequences. Our systematic approach analyzes the following diagnostic criteria: location, presence of deep vessels, presence of enlarged/ectatic vessels, presence of fibrin/blood products, disruption of uterine myometrial signal, focal bulge, and signal irregularity of the bladder dome. Finally, we correlate this diagnostic method with a quantitative scoring system which can further aid with delivery planning and prognostication. Read More

Authors:  Brown Brandon,  Shea Lindsey,  Marine Megan

Keywords:  MRI ,  placenta ,  vasculature

Hurteau-miller Julie,  Bilal Ahmed,  Brophy Jason

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-030

In preterm infants, caudothalamic lesions on ultrasound usually evoke the presence of a recent germinal matrix bleed. Intraventricular bleeds may also be seen in term infants but usually located near the glomus of the choroid plexus. Because germinal matrix has involuted in term infants, caudothalamic bleeds are infrequent and other possibilities should be considered when caudothalamic lesions are seen. Previous literature has described germinolytic cysts as indistinguishable from lesions resulting from germinal matrix hemorrhage. The pathologic process underlying development of these cysts is not well known and may result from intrauterine injury due to a vascular insult, congenital infections or chromosomal abnormalities. In our practice, we have seen many cases of germinolytic cysts in term infants mimicking germinal matrix bleed but acting as “red flag” raising the suspicion of other pathology, such as CMV infection and Zellweger syndrome. Although germinal matrix bleed and germinolytic cysts appear similar on ultrasound, we believe that key differentiating feature between these lesions is gestational age of the infant at presentation.
Purpose of our educational exhibit is to emphasize these facts and encourage both radiologists and sonologists to consider unusual but important possibilities such as CMV infections or Zellweger syndrome whenever caudothalamic lesions are encountered in a term baby. We discuss other abnormalities and findings to support these diagnoses. Early suspicion and detection of intracranial CMV infection is essential for prompt treatment and better outcome. Read More

Authors:  Hurteau-miller Julie,  Bilal Ahmed,  Brophy Jason

Keywords:  Caudothalamic ,  term ,  neonate

Gupta Ayushi,  Monforte Hector,  Schaaf William,  Kucera Jennifer

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-031

Pediatric patients can host a variety of benign and malignant renal tumors and tumor mimics. Their clinical presentation is nonspecific as patients may be asymptomatic or present with an abdominal mass, flank pain, or hematuria. Proper patient management requires an accurate diagnosis based on a combination of radiological and pathological findings. Read More

Authors:  Gupta Ayushi,  Monforte Hector,  Schaaf William,  Kucera Jennifer

Keywords:  renal tumor ,  Wilms tumor ,  renal cell carcinoma

Wong Lincoln,  Love Terri,  Abdessalam Shahab,  Linke Ronald,  Vonhlefeld Thomas

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-038

The exponential growth in medical imaging parallels today’s growth in consumer technology. At the forefront of this growth are 3D printing and augmented reality. Their uses in medicine today are in their infancy and radiologists play a key role in nurturing these technologies to ensure their meaningful use in medicine.

In this educational exhibit, we showcase the use of 3D printing and augmented reality in helping a pediatric surgeon visualize a complex brachial plexus tumor in a 6-year-old boy prior to its resection. We will describe the process of developing the models, including our role as radiologists. Read More

Authors:  Wong Lincoln,  Love Terri,  Abdessalam Shahab,  Linke Ronald,  Vonhlefeld Thomas

Keywords:  3d printing ,  augmented reality ,  technology

Vidal Lorenna,  Guimaraes Carolina

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-040

Cerebral aqueductal stenosis remains the most common cause of congenital and acquired obstructive hydrocephalus. The objective of this educational exhibit is to interactively illustrate the imaging findings associated with aqueductal stenosis on Fetal and postnatal MRI. Causes of aqueductal stenosis and imaging protocol optimization will also be discussed.
Read More

Authors:  Vidal Lorenna,  Guimaraes Carolina

Keywords:  Aqueductal stenosis ,  hydrocephalus ,  fetal MRI

Shellikeri Sphoorti,  Back Susan,  Poznick Laura,  Darge Kassa

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-050

ceVUS is a radiation-free and sensitive examination to detect vesicoureteral reflux and image the urethra in children using ultrasound (US) and intravesical administration of an ultrasound contrast agent (UCA). Due to the growing interest to perform ceVUS in children, a urinary bladder phantom was developed to teach the technical aspects of the ceVUS examination. Here we describe the preparation and utility of this reusable phantom as a tool to simulate the UCA administration, distribution and the effect of different US parameters on the UCA appearance in the bladder. Read More

Authors:  Shellikeri Sphoorti,  Back Susan,  Poznick Laura,  Darge Kassa

Keywords:  Ultrasound contrast ,  bladder phantom ,  contrast enhanced voiding urosonography

Dicamillo Paul,  Wien Michael

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-051

Understanding and identifying cerebral cortical development and related pathology in children is an important skill for interpreting neuroradiology studies. Cortical developmental disease can be broken down into four topics: microcephaly, abnormal cell types, abnormal migration and abnormal cortical organization. After a brief review of cerebral cortex embryology, this educational exhibit will discuss the main pathologies seen in those four categories with illustrative examples from our institution.

Outline:
I. EMBRYOLOGY
A. Formation of the neural plate
B. Primary neurulation
C. Subdivision of tissues
D. Neuron migration
E. Neuron organization

II. CORTICAL DEVELOPMENTAL DISEASE
A. Microcephaly
1) Microcephaly with simplified gyral pattern
2) Microcephaly with thin corpus callosum
3) Microlissencephaly: microcephalic brain with completely smooth, thick cortex.

B. Abnormal cell types
1) Focal cortical dysplasia
2) Hemimegaencephaly

C. Abnormal migration
1) Cobblestone lissencephaly
2) Classic lissencephaly
3) Incomplete lissencephaly
4) Gray matter heterotopia
5) Periventricular (subependymal) nodular heterotopia
6) Focal subcortical heterotopia

D. Abnormal cortical organization
1) Polymicrogyria
2) Schizencephaly

III. SUMMARY / CONCLUSION Read More

Authors:  Dicamillo Paul,  Wien Michael

Keywords:  cerebral cortex ,  development

Ku Alexei,  Schmitz Kelli

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-052

Stress injuries occur when normal bone is subjected to chronic and repeated mechanical loading. Children are at particularly increased risk for these types of injuries compared to adults, due to weaker chondro-osseous junctions, increased physical activity, less muscle mass, narrower bones with thinner cortices, hormonal changes, and decreased mineral content of bones.

Pediatric stress injuries consist of physeal and apophyseal stress injuries and stress fractures. When the primary physes of the long bones sustain repetitive workloads, endochondral ossification is impeded, and unmineralized cartilage extends into the metaphysis. Such repetitive workloads also affect associated apophyses, leading to chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and inflammation. Stress fractures, also known as fatigue fractures, occur when bone remodeling is given insufficient time to repair “micro-trauma” damage and additional mechanical loading cycles enable damage to accumulate in the bone, ultimately leading to a fracture.

This educational exhibit will review the imaging findings associated with stress injuries of the axial and appendicular skeleton commonly seen in older children and adolescents. The exhibit will draw on case examples of children participating in a wide range of activities to illustrate the range of stress injuries in the pediatric population and their diagnostic findings, including cheerleading, dancing, baseball pitching, climbing, and even bowling and competitive yoga. Read More

Authors:  Ku Alexei,  Schmitz Kelli

Keywords:  physis ,  fracture ,  athlete

Alkhori Noor

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-061

The purpose of this educational presentation is to provide a pictorial review to promote recognition and understanding of the embryology, anatomy and spectrum of congenital pulmonary artery anomalies in children Read More

Authors:  Alkhori Noor

Keywords:  Pulmonary artery ,  Congenital ,  Pediatric

Soto Gloria,  Nievelstein Rutger,  Boechat Ines,  Pool Kara-lee,  Dehaye Amanda,  Ducou Le Pointe Hubert,  Halliday Kath,  Lam Wendy,  Lopez Pino Miguel,  Mentzel Hans-joachim,  Mwango Gladys

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-065

Five years ago the leaders of the world’s regional pediatric imaging societies launched the World Federation of Pediatric Imaging (WFPI), a pediatric imaging body with global overview. According to its mission statement "WFPI provides an international platform for pediatric radiology organizations united to address the challenges in global pediatric imaging training and the delivery of services".
To guide WFPI's outreach endeavors as well as of other organizations interested in improving pediatric radiology services worldwide a project to better define the needs and gaps of pediatric radiologists and training centers worldwide was undertaken.
The project aims to:
-Establish the number of Pediatric Radiologists (as regionally defined) per country/region around the world
-Outline the training pediatric radiologists receive and availability of training centers
-Highlight major disparities and gaps in availability of pediatric radiologists and pediatric imaging training
-Based on this information create a roadmap for WFPI’s global efforts. Read More

Authors:  Soto Gloria,  Nievelstein Rutger,  Boechat Ines,  Pool Kara-lee,  Dehaye Amanda,  Ducou Le Pointe Hubert,  Halliday Kath,  Lam Wendy,  Lopez Pino Miguel,  Mentzel Hans-joachim,  Mwango Gladys

Keywords:  Outreach ,  Training ,  Education

Qi Jing,  Eutsler Eric,  Siegel Marilyn

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-068

Dual-energy CT (DECT) refers to the acquisition of CT datasets at two different energy spectra, which allows differentiation and classification of tissues. The purpose of this this poster is to describe post-processing algorithms and clinical applications of DECT in children on a dual-source CT system. Read More

Authors:  Qi Jing,  Eutsler Eric,  Siegel Marilyn

Keywords:  Dual energy CT ,  Pediatric Radiology ,  Clinical application

Lu Fang,  Anupindi Sudha,  Pollock Avrum,  Johnson Ann,  Adzick N,  Victoria Teresa

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-075

Duodenal atresia (DA) results from failure of recanalization of the solid core of the duodenum, usually diagnosed as the classic “double bubble”. It may come in solitary or associated with other congenital abnormalities. The aim of this educational exhibit is to describe and demonstrate common and uncommon presentations of prenatal DA and associated anomalies with emphasis on fetal MR findings. Read More

Authors:  Lu Fang,  Anupindi Sudha,  Pollock Avrum,  Johnson Ann,  Adzick N,  Victoria Teresa

Keywords:  duodenal atresia ,  Fetal MR

Moore Tyler,  Hopkins Katharine

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-082

Functional magnetic resonance urography (fMRU) provides not only anatomic information but quantitative functional information as well. Several free tools are available to perform functional analysis. One such tool, CHOP-fMRU, is appealing because its creators have provided extensive instructions on their software and scan protocols.

Several barriers were encountered in attempting to implement CHOP-fMRU at OHSU. First, to perform the analysis, the appropriate DICOM files must be acquired from PACS. CHOP-fMRU is compatible with a limited number of transfer syntaxes, so a conversion is required after PACS download if the encoding is incompatible. Second, CHOP-fMRU is incompatible with some types of data elements that can be found in files with valid DICOM formats. Third, only the dynamic series can be included when importing a study into CHOP-fMRU, and every image in the set must be present. If an image from another series is included or an image from the dynamic series is excluded, the user encounters an error. Finally, when the analysis has been performed, it is desirable to send the results to PACS. Unless the user has purchased an Interactive Data Language (IDL) license, the images may only be exported as JPEG files. These files must be packaged into DICOM files with the correct header data before they are sent to PACS using DICOM network protocol.

While these tasks could each be accomplished with any one of many available DICOM tools, some of the tasks are moderately complex, and performing them manually would be time consuming. Instead, an additional piece of software desigend solely to perform these functions as simply and efficiently as possible can be helpful. Such a solution was attempted at OHSU, and the resulting software, CHOP-fMRU Assistant, is presented here.

CHOP-fMRU Assistant is a program written in C# using the Grassroots DICOM (GDCM) library. Current features include automatic transfer syntax conversion, removal of many potentially incompatible data elements, easy exclusion of unwanted series, analysis of the dynamic series for missing images, and conversion of the results from CHOP-fMRU to DICOM files for upload to PACS. CHOP-fMRU Assistant is available at https://github.com/overtone1000/CHOP-fMRU_Assistant under an open-source license and is offered with an associated wiki to help other institutions who have encountered similar barriers while attempting to implement CHOP-fMRU. Read More

Authors:  Moore Tyler,  Hopkins Katharine

Keywords:  MR ,  Functional ,  Renal

Wermers Joshua,  Fickenscher Kristin,  Robinson Amie,  Dahl Amy

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-086

The purpose of this educational exhibit is to educate the radiologist regarding the fetal and postnatal imaging findings of Zika Virus (ZikV) in order to include congenital ZikV in the differential diagnosis when the maternal history and geography are compatible. We present a patient who emigrated from Central America during her third trimester of pregnancy with maternal ZikV. Read More

Authors:  Wermers Joshua,  Fickenscher Kristin,  Robinson Amie,  Dahl Amy

Keywords:  Zika Virus ,  MRI ,  Ultrasound

Sarma Asha,  Grant Frederick,  Kwatra Neha

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-087

Esophageal transit scintigraphy (ETS) complements anatomic imaging studies such as contrast esophagography for the evaluation of esophageal motility disorders. This noninvasive technique provides reliable and reproducible functional data that is useful in the evaluation of both primary and secondary esophageal motility disorders. This image-rich exhibit will provide an overview of this examination using representative examples of ETS studies in children, including technical considerations, imaging features in various disorders, and pitfalls in intepretation, with correlative fluoroscopic and/or CT images. Read More

Authors:  Sarma Asha,  Grant Frederick,  Kwatra Neha

Keywords:  Functional ,  Gastrointestinal ,  Nuclear medicine

Dennhardt Joel,  Fuortes Michaelangelo,  Vijapura Charmi,  Policeni Bruno,  Sato Yutaka,  Sato T Shawn

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-089

1) Review the normal development and anatomy of the posterior skull base.
2) Describe the variety of pathologies affecting the posterior cranial fossa in the pediatric age group with a focus on the typical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics.
3) Discuss clinical management and imaging follow up of posterior cranial fossa pathology. Read More

Authors:  Dennhardt Joel,  Fuortes Michaelangelo,  Vijapura Charmi,  Policeni Bruno,  Sato Yutaka,  Sato T Shawn

Keywords:  Skull base ,  Posterior Cranial Fossa ,  Magnetic resonance imaging

Aquino Michael,  Koberlein George

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-098

Access to timely and accurate interpretation of imaging studies is critical to ensure quality care. This has driven demand for 24/7 radiology coverage. Examples of coverage models and solutions to logistical and financial challenges of providing around-the-clock real-time radiology services can be helpful as more children's hospitals move toward meeting this demand. The purpose of this exhibit is to describe the practice model used to provide after-hours pediatric radiology coverage at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. Read More

Authors:  Aquino Michael,  Koberlein George

Keywords:  Quality ,  Emergency ,  Trauma

Sinha Richa,  Tang Vivian,  Stivaros Stavros,  Hawkes Rob,  Dixon Rachel,  Ferreira Dos Santos Rui Miguel,  Maniyar Amit,  Wright Neville

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-100

Significant advances in the pre- and postnatal neuroimaging techniques in correlation with neurogenetics have led to more accurate diagnosis and classification of posterior fossa abnormalities. The poster aims to highlight important aspects of normal anatomy of the posterior fossa, illustrate cases of the cystic abnormalities in the posterior fossa, and how to differentiate between them based on neuroimaging findings. Read More

Authors:  Sinha Richa,  Tang Vivian,  Stivaros Stavros,  Hawkes Rob,  Dixon Rachel,  Ferreira Dos Santos Rui Miguel,  Maniyar Amit,  Wright Neville

Keywords:  Posterior fossa

El Hawari Mohamad,  Joshi Akash,  Zarchan Adam,  Dobbs-desilet Debbie,  Ornelas Samuel

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-101

Congenital high airways obstruction sequence (CHAOS) refers to a relatively rare fetal anomaly caused by high airway obstruction (tracheal or laryngeal) caused by atresia or stenosis. Similar imaging findings can be seen with airway obstruction due to oropharyngeal or neck masses such as teratoma. Antenatal imagining findings include but not limited to dilated fluid filled trachea and proximal bronchi, bilateral enlarged echogenic lungs with relative small sized midline heart, flattening or eversion of the diaphragm, feta ascites and anasarca and polyhydramnios. The prognosis is overall poor, however it is improved after planning for delivery and performing EXIT procedure (ex utero intrapartum treatment) with tracheostomy.
We present a case of a 20-year-old female G1P0 at 25 weeks of gestation diagnosed with Congenital high airways obstruction sequence (CHAOS) with typical features on prenatal ultrasound and fetal MR. Delivery was planned and an EXIT procedure was performed and the newborn survived. Read More

Authors:  El Hawari Mohamad,  Joshi Akash,  Zarchan Adam,  Dobbs-desilet Debbie,  Ornelas Samuel

Keywords:  Congenital High Airway Obstruction Sequence ,  Ultrasound ,  MRI

Vijapura Charmi,  Dennhardt Joel,  Fuortes Michaelangelo,  Policeni Bruno,  Sato Yutaka,  Sato T Shawn

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-103

1. Review the normal development and anatomy of the anterior skull base.
2. Describe the variety of pathologies affecting the anterior cranial fossa in the pediatric age group with a focus on the typical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics.
3. Discuss clinical management and imaging follow up of anterior cranial fossa pathology. Read More

Authors:  Vijapura Charmi,  Dennhardt Joel,  Fuortes Michaelangelo,  Policeni Bruno,  Sato Yutaka,  Sato T Shawn

Keywords:  Anterior Cranial Fossa ,  magnetic resonance imaging ,  computed tomography

Fuortes Michaelangelo,  Vijapura Charmi,  Dennhardt Joel,  Policeni Bruno,  Sato Yutaka,  Sato T Shawn

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-104

1) Review the normal development and anatomy of the middle cranial fossa.
2) Describe the variety of pathologies affecting the middle cranial fossa in the pediatric age group with a focus on the typical computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics.
3) Discuss clinical management and imaging follow up of middle cranial fossa pathology. Read More

Authors:  Fuortes Michaelangelo,  Vijapura Charmi,  Dennhardt Joel,  Policeni Bruno,  Sato Yutaka,  Sato T Shawn

Keywords:  skull base anatomy ,  skull base pathology ,  middle cranial fossa

Nosaka Shunsuke,  Fujino Akihiro,  Kanamori Yutaka,  Niiya Noriko,  Okamoto Reiko,  Miyazaki Osamu,  Muto Ayako,  Miyasaka Mikiko,  Tsutsumi Yoshiyuki,  Aoki Hidekazu,  Uematsu Satoko

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-105

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is the result of incomplete closure of the normal pleuroperitoneal canal. CDH is usually detected prenatally or present in the newborn period with severe respiratory distress. In contrast, delayed presentation of CDH (D-CDH), defined as CDH diagnosed at later than 30 days of age, is known as rare subset of CDH. The outcome of patients with D-CDH is generally favorable, but misdiagnosis can result in morbidity and mortality. This educational exhibit will demonstrate clinico-radiological characteristics of D-CDH. Read More

Authors:  Nosaka Shunsuke,  Fujino Akihiro,  Kanamori Yutaka,  Niiya Noriko,  Okamoto Reiko,  Miyazaki Osamu,  Muto Ayako,  Miyasaka Mikiko,  Tsutsumi Yoshiyuki,  Aoki Hidekazu,  Uematsu Satoko

Keywords:  Delayed presentation ,  Congenital diaphrargmatic hernia

Miller Stephen,  Scrugham Jeffrey

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-108

Colonic volvulus is an uncommon but often catastrophic condition in children. Imaging studies including plain radiographs, ultrasound, fluoroscopy, and computed tomography are commonly employed to evaluate these patients. While most radiologists are familiar with malrotation and midgut volvulus, colonic volvulus is an underappreciated cause of an acute abdomen in children. Symptoms of colonic volvulus may be vague, and presentation is often delayed. While plain radiographs may be highly suggestive in some patients, they are often nonspecific. Fluoroscopy and CT are usually diagnostic and can direct appropriate operative management. The purpose of this exhibit is to present the imaging appearances of cecal and sigmoid volvulus in children, emphasizing the plain radiographic features suggestive of these entities and the diagnostic fluoroscopic and CT features that allow definitive diagnosis. Read More

Authors:  Miller Stephen,  Scrugham Jeffrey

Keywords:  Volvulus ,  Sigmoid ,  Cecal

Shah Summit,  Bates D. Gregory,  Levitt Marc,  Wood Richard,  Thompson Benjamin

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-111

1. To demonstrate the appropriate technique for performing a contrast enema in symptomatic post-surgical Hirschsprung disease (HD).
2. To review the three major surgical procedures used for the primary treatment of HD, their complications, and imaging manifestations. Read More

Authors:  Shah Summit,  Bates D. Gregory,  Levitt Marc,  Wood Richard,  Thompson Benjamin

Keywords:  Hirschsprung ,  Anorectal ,  Enema

Loomis Judyta,  Bulas Dorothy,  Rubio Eva,  Blask Anna

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-112

The purpose of this case series is to describe the variable prenatal presentation of lethal and nonlethal hypophosphatasia, obstetrical outcomes, and postnatal course of the nonlethal cases.

5 genetically proven cases of hypophosphatasia were evaluated in our fetal imaging center from 2009 to 2016 and initially imaged between 17 weeks and 34 weeks gestation. The prenatal imaging, prenatal testing, pregnancy outcome, and postnatal or autopsy imaging and genetic testing are reviewed in this case series.

All 5 cases were referred with a high suspicion of a skeletal dysplasia. Fetal sonography demonstrated a spectrum of bowing, shortening, and acute fractures of the long bones, variable involvement of the upper and lower extremities, and axial skeleton involvement.
Of the 5 cases, 3 were nonlethal. Postnatal imaging in these cases was concordant with the prenatal assessment of variable mild limb shortening and bowing and without involvement of the axial skeleton.
Case 4 was terminated at 20 weeks due to severe micromelia and irregular long bones with postmortem radiographs demonstrating shortening and fractures with severe demineralization of the skull.
Case 5, first evaluated at 29 weeks gestation demonstrated severe bowing and shortening of the long bones, a small chest circumference with beading of the ribs. Postnatal radiographs demonstrated spurs in the midshafts of the fibula and ulna with severely demineralized skull. The infant died in the immediate postnatal period. Read More

Authors:  Loomis Judyta,  Bulas Dorothy,  Rubio Eva,  Blask Anna

Keywords:  dysplasia ,  Fetal ,  skeletal

Cornish Nathan,  Cornish Anna,  Shah Jay,  Sarkar Debkumar,  Honig Shaun,  Sobolevsky Sergei

Final Pr. ID: Poster #: EDU-114

The role of transarterial embolization has been well studied in adults but data is lacking in the pediatric population. As a newly designated level 1 trauma center we present our institutional experience of the efficacy and safety of transarterial embolization for pediatric abdominal and pelvic trauma as well as a review of the current literature. We discuss the multidisciplinary approach to management and the role of the interventionalist as a clinician. Read More

Authors:  Cornish Nathan,  Cornish Anna,  Shah Jay,  Sarkar Debkumar,  Honig Shaun,  Sobolevsky Sergei

Keywords:  Arterial Embolization ,  Trauma ,  Splenic Artery Embolization